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Source book from
Open Library: "Memorials of the see and cathedral of Llandaff derived from the Liber landavensis" by Walter de Gray Birch (1912) (begnning at 1st Charter) from original documents in the British museum, H. M. record office, the Margam muniments, etc. (Note: As the most readable source this one used as a base, but supplemented by Rees' earlier version below. Thus his internal numbers are retained in the charter commentaries as 1., 2. etc. and reflect the order of appearance within Bishops.) |
The other online versions are by William Jenkins Rees from mss. in the libraries of Hengwrt, and of Jesus college, Oxford:
The Liber landavensis, Llyfr Teilo (1840) English translation with the Latin "Athruis"  being stylized as Welsh "Athrwys" causing confusion (begnning at 1st Charter)Latin version - having been meticulously corrected (1893) Appendix IV contains the boundaries translated from the Welsh. |
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The Charter Numbers are the accepted cumulative numbers used by Dr. Wendy Davies with a hyphen followed by the number of original scanned folio page in: The Book of Llandaff (NLW MS 17110E) which is the property of The National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth. (These links to that folio page are opened in another window.) |
| Jonathan Baron Coe: Place-names of the book of Llandaf may be of help. |
Locations to Google Earth for the properties are being added. Footnotes have been used from the above books to determine location and in addition:
The locations are important to show the geographic extent of South Wales, which initially included parts of Herefordshire. |
The order of these Charters shown here is an attempt to derive the correct order, which I believe vindicates the Llandaff Charters from the concept promoted by studies of Dr. Wendy Davies that accuses them of being forgeries. The method to obtain the correct order is that prescribed by Alfred Anscomb in The Celtic Review Vol 6 & 7 (1905) using the three abbots and witnesses, modified by me to prevent grants from moving outside of each bishop. This is shown in detail at another of my sites that is devoted to King Arthur under Method for ordering the Book of Llandaff. The order of bishops below has been slightly changed from the accepted list contained in A Survey of the Cathedral-church of Landaff (1719). (Each link is to the set of Charters for each bishop):
(The original order of all the charters, which links back to each, is in the index of charters at the bottom of this page.)(The three abbots in the early charters are colored as shown:St. Cadoc (Abbot of St. Catoc - Llancarfan (kml)),St. Illtyd (Abbot of St. Ildutus - Llanilltud Fawr, now Llantwit Major (kml)) , St. Dochau (Abbot of Docunni, Dochdwy. his sister St. Kew is better known - Llandaw,now Llandough (kml) Cantrefs and commotes reconstructed from medieval sources by John Edward Lloyd, contained in A history of Wales from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest (1912) Vol 2 |
These Genealogy Charts are shown in the section on the left.
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The Charters shown under each Bishop(See links to bishops near the top of this page.) |
| [48r]
The extent of the diocese, officially recognized by King Meurig. (However, the most detailed description is located at "The boundary of the episcopate of Llan Dav in the time of Oudoceus") | |
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Boundaries: Llan Dav, with its territory and jurisdiction, to wit, Cantre Bychan, Kidwely, Gower, Ystrad Yw, Erging, Guorini, Pen Yclien, Guynlloog, the two Guents, Ewias, and Valley Dore. The boundaries of the episcopate: From the estuary of the Towy upwards to its head, thence to Penndoulwyn Helig, to the source of the Usk, to Mynydd Du, to the source of the Twrch, right on to the Tawe, along it upwards to Cynles. Thence to Hal un Guernen, to the source of the Purddin, downwards to the Nedd, upwards to the Mellte, eastwards to Gavannog, to Deri Emris, to Cecen Clisti, to the source of Ffrwd y Wyddon, right on to the Tav Vawr, as far as the Cymer. Upwards to Rhyd y Cambren, to Hal Du, to the Cravnant brook, along it to the Usk, across the Usk to Cil Idris, to Allt Lwyd, to Lech Bichlit on Pinnmarch, to Guornoid, to Rhyd-nant, to the middle of Din Marchtan, to the Goat path, to the breast of Cader Neveni, to the spring of the Grwyne, to Guartha Bwch, to the Vincul, to the Priddell, to Hal Ruva, to the Stone of the Bardd, along the Bardd brook right to the Dore, along it right to the Worm, along it right to its source. Thence to Caer Rein, to the source of the Taratyr (Explanation of the location of the Taratyr River: "Taratyr is supposed to be a brook dividing Holm Lacy from Dinedor, entering the Wye about five miles below Hereford"), along it to the Wye, and along the river Wye to the Severn Sea, thence to the estuary of the Towy where the jurisdiction of the episcopate of Llan Dav began. Compare to the seven cantrefs of Morgan Hen. The Llandaff diocese in honor of St Peter the Apostle, with these boundaries: From Henriu gunua to Riu finion, and from Gungleis to the sea, the whole district between the Rivers Taf (Taff) and Elei (Ely), with their fish, and wears for fisheries, and its dignity free from all service, regal and secular, except only daily prayer, and ecclesiastical service for his soul, and for the souls of his parents, kings and princes of Britain and of all the faithful deceased, and with this privilege, without any governor, or deputy governor, without attendance at public courts either within or without the district, without going in military expeditions, without keeping watch over the country, in, or out of it, and with free commonage to the inhabitants of the whole diocese, in field and in woods, in water and in pastures, with its court fully complete within itself, free and entire as a regal court, with its refuge, not for any limited time, but to be perpetual, that is, that the fugitive might remain safe under its protection, as long as he should wish, and with the bodies of the kings of the whole diocese of Llandaff, given and committed to it for ever. The diocese to have five hundred wards, of the bay of Severn, Ercic (Ergyng), and Anercyc, from Mochros (Moccas - A parish, the church of which is on the south bank of the Wye, 9.5 miles WNW from Hereford - (kml)), as far as the island Teithi (Barry Island). |
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| Bull of Pope Honorius II (1124 - 1130 AD) to Urban, Bishop of Llandaff (1107-1134) - offering a review the diocese of Landaff with more modern descriptions. | |
| Llandaff with its territory and diocese, namely Cantre Bychan, Kidwelly, Gower, Ystradyw, Ergyng, Gorfynydd, Pen Ychen, Gwentlwg, Deuwent, Ewyas, Ysatrd-dour. The boundaries of the diocese of Llandaff are the following: from the mouth of the Towy at the sea, upwards as far as its source, then to Pendeulwynhelig (Cors Pendeulwyn on Mynydd Bach, Trecastle mountain, now called Waun ddu, situated about 4.5 miles eastward from Llandovery) to Blaenwysc, to the Black Mountain, to Bleantwrch, as far as Tawy, upwards to Cynlais. There to Halungwernen, to the source of the Peurddin, downwards to the Nedd, upwards to the Mellteu, to Gauanhawg, to Deri Emreis to Cheneliste (called Cecin Clysty) to the source of the Ffrwd y Gwyddon, to Tafmawr, to Cymer, upwards to Rhyd y Cambren, to Haldu, to the brook Crafnant, along it to the Usk, through Usk to Cili, over Allt Lwyd, above Bychlit, to Penmarch, to Guoronoid, to Rhydnant, to the middle of Dinmarchlan, Ol y Gabor, to Bron y Gadair, upwards to the spring of Gwerinou, to the top of Bwlch yr Fingul, to Brydell, to Halruma, to Nantybardd, along Nantybardd to the Dour, along it to Gwormwy, along it to its source, then to Caer Rein, to the source of the Taratyr, along it to the Wye, and along the river Wye to the Severn Sea, thence to themouth of the river Towy, where the diocese of Llandaff begins. | |
| [6 - 50r] Cil Hal. | |
| 6. (This is the first charter in the Liber after the sort and it is under Dubricius.) Erb, King of Guent (Gwent) and Ercic, observing that ambition, and the power of this world were of a perishable nature gave to St. Dubricius, Archbishop of the arch-monastery of Llandaff, (the complier has attributed St. Dubricius to Llandaff, but Llandaff did not exist then. The churches of Dubricius and his followers in Erging were destroyed in the battle of Deorham in 577, but that wasteland was later acquired by Ithail son of Morcant and made part of Llandaff) | |
| Dubricius is an archbishop. Erb is King of Gwent and Ergyng. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) A farm of his inheritance. | |
| [1 - 49r] Lann Custenhinngarthbenni. | |
| 1. (This was the first charter in the Liber before the sort and it is under Dubricius.) It relates to the grant of Lann Custenhinn- garth-benni in Ercicg (Ergyng) | |
| King Peipau is King of Ergyng and he is the son of Erb. King Constantine is his father-in-law which implies that he married a daughter of King Constantine. The spear throw of King Constantine indicates that he is a powerful warrior. | |
| Be it known to us that King Peipiau son of Erb, granted Manor Garth benni, as far as the black marsh between the wood, and field, and water, and the spear-throw of King Constantine, his father-in-law, beyond the river Wye, to God, and Dubricius, Arch- bishop of the See of Llandaff, and to Junapeius his cousin, for his soul's health and the writing of his name in the Book of Life, with all its liberty, without any earthly payment, and overlordship, small and moderate, except to God, and to St. Dubricius, [and those] who serve in the church of Llandaff for ever. And Peipiau held the written deed upon the hand of St. Dubricius, that the house of prayer and penance, and the episcopal residence might belong to the Bishops of Llandaff for ever. And in testimony thereof, he consecrated the church, and left there three of his disciples. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "Beyond the Wye" It can be identified as Welsh Biknor, Hereford enfolded by the Wye. S. Guernabui (Guenuor) was appointed princeps of the monastic settlement at Gath Benni. He shown as abbot with an alumnus, Gurguare, in Charter [43 - 76r]. | |
| [7 - 50r] Tir Conloc | |
| 7. King Pepiau, son of Erb, confirming the Scripture which declares, " Give and it shall be given to you," gave for his soul's health and the remuneration of a future reward | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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Boundaries: (kml) Four uncias of land at Conloc, on the banks of the Wye, below the island Ebrdil, as far as Cumbarruc in Ysatrd Dour (Golden Valley). History of Ewlas Lacy: The Valley of the Dore bore the name of Cornubium. The name also occurs as Cerniu. But it may be questioned whether this is not a misconception for Coenobium. There seems to be no reason why a valley should be called after a "horn," and it does appear to have been given up to monastic establishments. | |
| [8 - 50r] Porth Tulon | |
| 8. During the reign of Merchguinus son of Gliuis (Glywys of Glwysing), Guorduc surrendered by consecration his virgin daughter Dulon, to Dubricius, Archbishop of the Church of Llandaff, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Four modii (~36 acres) in the Gower. (kml) | |
| [9 - 50v] Penn Alun. (clearly misplaced since Noe is the son of Arthur) | |
| 9. (This was the last charter under Dubricius before the sort.) Noe son of Arthur, fulfilling the command of the Apostle, who said, " Give, and it shall be given unto you"; (and elsewhere it is said, "A bountiful hand shall not be indi "gent,") gave for the exchange of a heavenly kingdom, in the first place, Penn Alun, with its territory, without any payment to mortal man, except to God, and to Archbishop Dubricius, and [the Church of] Llandaff founded in honour of St. Peter, and all his successors; and also Lann maur, on the banks of the Tyui, with its two territories, where Teiliaus (Teilo), the pupil and disciple of St. Dubricius dwelt; and likewise the territory of the Aquilentes, on the banks of the river Tam: Noe placed his hand upon the four Gospels, and committed to the hand of Archbishop Dubricius this alms for ever, with all its refuge, and all its liberty, in fields and in woods, in water and in pastures, and with its dignity, under a perpetual anathema on those who from that day forwards should separate the said lands from the church of Llandaff. Amen. | |
Of the clergy:
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The witnesses are, of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (1) (kml) Penn Alun. Parish of Penally near Tenby in Pembrokeshire (2) (kml) Llann Ddowror, Carm. The boundary of the land of the Church of the Water-men. Along the Guern Idvon on the Tav, upwards over the mountain straight to the head of Nant Eilon. Along Nant Eilon to the Ceir. From the Ceir upwards to Nant Bachladron; along Nant Bachladron upwards across country making for the head of Nant Dwvin. Along Nant Dwvin to the Tav. From Aber Nant Dwvin along the Tav downwards to Aber Guern Idvon, where the boundary began. (3) (kml) Llann Deilo Fawr, Carm. The boundary of the land of Llann Deilo Vowr. To Ffynnon Ida, to the head of the Glasbwll on the Towy, and the other end at the Hytir Melyn. From the Hytir Melyn as far as the Nant Erddil. (This boundary up to Nant Erthil, a tributary of the Diwlas, I cannot trace. Apparently it follows the Towy up some distance towards Aber Marlfcs.) Along the Nant Erthil to the Diwlas. Along the Diwlas till its confluence (? with Nant Ddu). From the confluence straight on along the Diwlas to Nant Lwyd. From Nant Lwyd to Cecin Meirch, (cp. Llwyn Meirch). From Cecin Meirch along as far as Crug Petill Bechan. From there to the Hebog-Vein. From the Hebog-Vein to Diwlas Bisweilog. From Diwlas Bisweilog to Nant yr Eilin as far as in Crug Cust. From Crug Cust to Crug Corn Cam. From there as far as the source of the Isceviog. Along the Isceviog as far as on the Meithini, straight to the Hen Allt. From there to Cil ir Adar, (cp. Rhiw 'r Adar &c.), to the spring of the Tavern, straight to Pistill Dewi, and along it as far as Guaith Dinevor. From Guaith Dinevor downwards as far as Letuer Cell on the Towy. | |
| [2 - 49r] Lann Cerniu (This proves that Cernyw is also in Wales not just Cornwall as believed by many). | |
| 2. Be it known to all Christians, that King Peipiau gave to God, and Dubricius | |
The witnesses are clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Lann Cerniu. Its boundary: "From the Nant to the spring of Nant yr Ewic. From Nant yr Ewic, the length of the brook, to the Heith-tir Rhudd, [to the wood] at its centre; the wood till it reaches to the Hal Melen, straight on till it descends at Llost yr Ynys. From Llost yr Ynys to the breast of the Allt." Believed to be the site of Abbey Dore. | |
| [3 - 49v] Lann Junabui. | |
| 3. King Peipiau being penitent, with a humble heart, and mindful of all his evil deeds, and changing his life for the better, gave in exchange for the heavenly kingdom to St. Dubricius | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Evans (used here) has Bredwardine, Hereford, but Rees has "the church that at present is called Llandinabo, 6.5 miles .W. from the town of Ross, Hereford". The boundary of this land is: ” From the ford above i lan', downwards above the honeysuckle to the breast of the Allt, straight over the Cecg till it descends above the old ford that is on the stream in the great wood, through the wood straight on to Guartha Cambwll. From the Cambwll straight on to the Wye. (This is the same area that is part of charter [45 - 76v].) | |
| [4 - 49v] Cum Barruc. | |
| 4. Know all persons, that the two sons of Pepiau, namely Guidci and Cinuin (Cynfyn), have given to St. Dubricius. (Re-dedicated in Charter [42 - 76r]) | |
| King Peipau has two sons Guidci and Cinuin (Cynfyn). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) In the vale of the Dore, Golden Valley. From the valley as far as the Lech (Arthur's Stone) in length and its breath from the Lech to the rock of Crita (3 uncias of land, ~324 acres). | |
| [5 - 49v] Lann Bocha. | |
| 5. Be it known to us that Britcon and Iliuc have given for their souls health, to God and to St. Peter the Apostle, and to St. Dubricius, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "From the ditch to Castell Meirch from thence it goes to the valley of Lembi and as far as the valley of Cilceirch, then proceeds straight along the valley as far as Bawddwr, thence along the valley of Eilin to the top of the wood, thence to the middle of the wood as far as the head of Nantpedecon and along the Twyngwyn as far as the red ford next to Twyni, thence towards the tuft of willows it descend to the first ditch, where it began." Llanvocha, Evans (used here) equates with St. Maughan's, Monmouth County as Castell Merych could be Newcastle, whereas Ress suggests a chapel formerly in the parish of Llangattock Vibon-Avel in Monmouth County, 6 miles from Monmouth. (Also see: Notes on churches in the Diocese of Llandaff, Green, C. A. H) | |
| [63v]Privilege of Teilo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| These are the rights and privileges of the church of Teilo of Llan Dav, which these kings and princes of Wales granted for ever to the church of Teilo and to all the bishops after him, confirmed by the authority of the popes of Rome: To it all its rights and its lands and its territories, free from every service to any secular king, exempt from steward and chancellor, and public court within or without its lordship, from hosting and from seizure, and from watch and ward: Its rights to it fully in respect of thief, of theft, of rapine, and of homicide, of conspiracy and of arson, of brawling with or without bloodshed: To it wholly the fines and penalties therein, in respect of violation of sanctuary within or without the enclosure, of waylaying within or without a forest, of assault in any place whatsoever on the land of Teilo; both its right and judgment in respect of the community of the church in the Gwndy of Teilo at Llan Dav and in his court; with water and herbage, wood and field in common to the community of Teilo; with market and mint at Llan Dav, and a harbourage on the land of Teilo for ships which may touch on his land wheresoever it may be, free in respect of king or any other except Teilo, and the church of Llan Dav, and its bishops: And in respect of any disgrace, insult, wrong, or injury which the King of Morgannwg, his man, or his vassal may do unto Teilo, his man, or his vassal, the King of Morgannwg shall come to the Gwndy of Teilo at Llan Dav to do justice and right, and to undergo judgment for the wrong done into bishop Teilo, his man, or his vassal: To it its lands and its territories exempt from hosting, from burdens, from seizure: And all the rights which belong to the King of Morgannwg in his court shall belong fully to bishop Teilo in his court likewise: and whosoever shall violate or diminish this privilege shall be accursed and excommunicated, both he and his children after him. He shall be blessed, both he and his children, who shall respect this privilege and keep it. Amen. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| [10 - 64r] Lann Garth. | |
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| 1. King Idon, son of Ynyr Guent (Gwent) (See genealogy chart 2 for his brother St. Ceidio), for the exchange of an eternal fatherland, sacrificed one of his mansions, viz., Lann Garth, and all its territory, which had formerly belonged to St. Dubricius, Archbishop. The King going round the whole territory and carrying the Gospel on his back with the clergy bearing crosses in their hands and sprinkling holy water and dust of the pavement of the church and sepulchre in all his boundaries permbulated the whole. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "The boundary of the place is: The Clawr along the high road as far as the mound of Ffrwd Mur. From the mound of Ffrwd Mur straight to the ditch, as far as the stone at the four boundaries. From the stone as far as to the end of the Cecyn, as far as the head of the ditch. From the head of the ditch right on to the black well, (cp. Black House, and Llaca Du). From the well through the wood to the Clawr, near the head of the ditch, as far as the Clouric, the Little Clawr, to the Clawr. " Llanarth Parish Monmouthshire, about 6 miles S.E. by E from Abergavenny. Lan Arth on the river Clawr. | |
| [12 - 64v] Lann Teiliau Cressinych. | |
| 3. In the time of King Idon, son of Ynyr Guent (Gwent), the Saxons came into his country to plunder, and he with his army pursued them, and on his way came to St. Teliaus, who then remained with his clergy at his mansion (podum) of Lann Garth, and strongly entreated him and his clergy that they would pray to God in behalf of him, and his whole army. And St. Teliaus came with him to a mountain in the middle of Crissinic, near Trodi, where he stood and prayed to Almighty God that he would succour the plundered people; and his prayer was heard, and a great victory was obtained | |
| Boundaries: (kml) "Llantilio Crossenny, Monmouthshire. The boundary: Along the Civerdiwedd from its influx into the Carvan as far as the influx of the Guaech. From Aber Guaech to the Gwver Bychan, along it to Pen Clawdd Edern; along it to the ditch of Cinahi; along it as far as the influx of the Grenin. Along the Grenin to the spring of the Grenin. From the spring of the Grenin across straight to Carn Gwnstan. From Carn Gwnstan to Castell Mai. From Castell Mai to the influx of the Carvan into the Civerdiwedd." Three modii (27 acres). A parish in Monmouth County, 7.5 miles N.NW from Monmouth. The river Trothy, which rises near Grosmont Wood, about 9 miles from Abergavenny , and fallls into the Wye Below Monmouth. See Notes on churches in the Diocese of Llandaff, Green, C. A. H: Parish of Llantilio Crossenny comprised of the manor Episcopi, manor Regis, and manors of Ctu-y-groes and Hengwrt all under the lordship of Whitecastle. | |
| An apparent insertion out of place of churches belonging to Teilo: (For further information on them refer to Lives of the British Saints: Teilo and Rees' Welsh Saints) These churches were given with all their endowments and territories, and all their dignity and privilege, liberty and sanctuary, and all commonage for the inhabitants in field and in woods, in water and in pastures; and by the aforesaid King to St. Teliaus and all the Bishops of the Church of Llandaff. (1) Lann Teliau nant Seru. (Perhaps the site of an old Chapel on the banks of the Cothi, at Cwrt-y-Cadno in the parish of Caio, near to which is a Well called Ffynnon Deilo.) The Vill only in Cantref maur (A disrict of Carmarthenshire between the Towy and Telvy consisting of the Hundreds of Caio and Cathinog) upon the bank of the Cothi. (A river in Carmarthenshire which rises 6 miles S. of Tregaron and falls into the Towy 6 miles E. of Carmarthen) (2) Lann Teliau Garthteuir. (Llandeilo Garthtefir - at presnt a farm house called Brondeilo midway between teh churches of Caio and Llansawyl, Camarthenshire.) The Vill only on the bank of the Cothi (Bron Deilo, Caio, Carmarthenshire). (3) Lann Teliau Bechan in Dyffryn Teivi. The Vill only. (4) Lann Teliau Treficerniu. (The relative position agrees with the locaility of Trelach, Carmarthenshire in Rees' Welsh Saints above) (5) Lanntoulidauc Icair ( Llandeulydog, once in the southern part of Pembrokeshire). (6) Lann Teliau aper Couin. (Llandeilo Aber Cywyn, 2 miles north of Laugharne, where the Cywyn falls into the Taf.) (7) Lann Teliau Penntyuinn (Pentwyn). (Pendine, Carmarthenshire or Henllan near Llanddewi Falfre, Pembrokeshire) (8) Lann Teliau Luin Gaidon The Vill only in Evelfre. (Llwyngwaddan near Llandewi Felvre, Pembrokeshire.) In Pennbro (Pembroke): (9) Lan Rath (Amroth, Pembrokeshire) and Lann Cronnguern (Llancronwern, now Cronware Church, about two miles NE from Amroth Church), with the three territories of Amrath. Their boundaries are from Frut Gurcant to Glannrath. (Amroth) (10) Trefin Carn (Trefgarn). The Vill only, without the church. (Near Tenby, Pembrokeshire between two rivulets that run into the Ritec, now called Holloway Water , probably St Florence whose name used to be Tregoyr.) (11) Laithti (Laithdy) Teliau, upon the bank of Ritec. The Vill only, next to Pennalun. (Penaly near Tenby) (12) Menechi arglan Ritec, next to Pennalun. (This place or Eglwys Gunnian is Gumfreston, near Tenby) (13) Pull Arda, next to Mainaur Pir, The Vill only. (Maenorbyr or Manorbeer, formerly Maenor Bir, Pembrokeshire 4.5 miles WSW from Tenby.) (14) Luin Teliau. The Vill only. (Tre-Llwyn, Tenby, Pembrokeshire.) (15) Eccluis Gunniau. The birthplace of St. Teliaus. (? Penaly, Pembrokeshire.) (16) Porth Medgen. The Vill only. (? Cheriton, Pembrokeshire.) (17) Porth Menach Mainaur, in Amithieil. (Mouncton, or Monkton, near Pembroke.) (18) Din guennham, in Lonion. The Vill only. (Lanion, near Pembroke Dock.) (19) Lann Teliau Litgarth, in Dou Cledif Mainaur. (Llan Deilo Llwydarth, in Dun-Gled-dy, Pembrokeshire.) (20) Lann Teliau Cilrhedin, in Emlin. (Kilrhedin (Cilrhedin), parish Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire.) (21) In Ros, Lann Issan Mainaur. (St. Ishmael's, in Rhos, Pembrokeshire.) (22) Brodlan. (23) Lann Gwrfrit. (24) Lann Ceffic (Lanceffic), in Talacharn, with one hundred and five acres of Land. (Cyffig, a parochial chapelry under Laugharne, Carmarthenshire.) | |
| [11 - 64r] Lann Maur, that is, Lann Teiliau Forth Halauc | |
| 2. King Idon granted in alms for the health of his soul, and the souls of his ancestors. Kings and Princes, to God, and St. Peter, and to Archbishop Teilo, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "From the source of the Cubi over Mail Vanon, (now Pen y Val), to the source of the Diwffrwd, (? Pwll Blan-awe). Along the Diwffrwd downwards as far as the Gevenni. Upwards along the Gevenni to Aber Nant Vawr. Along Nant Vawr upwards to its source on the Skirrid Vawr. Over Skirrid Vawr to the source of the Morduc. Along the Morduc downwards through the wood to the Julen. Along the brook, Morduc, as far as the Gevenni. Along the Gevenni downwards as far as Rhyd Lechog, the stony ford. From the Rhyd to the Llech Lwyd in the Crug Bracd, to Guern i Drudjon, to Llwch y Cregjon, to Cubi. Along the Cubi upwards to its source where the boundary began." Lann Maur, otherwise called Lann Teliau Porth Halauc: Llan Tilio Pertholey, Monmouth County. | [13 - 65r] Mainaur Brunus and Telichclouman, Trefcanus. |
| 4. Margetud son of Rein, King of the region of Dyfed {Demetica regid), being excited by excessive rage and cruelty, killed Gufrir, one of the men of St. Teliauus, in the Sanctuary which belonged to God and to him, whilst he was before his altar. Thereafter, due penance being required of him, and pardon granted on account of promised amendment, in fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, with promise of reformation in every respect, he gave to God and St. Teliauus, and the Church of Llandaff | |
| Boundaries: (kml) Llandeilo Rwnws, an extict Chapel in the parish of Llanegwad, Camarthen County; it was called Llanteliau Brunus in a charter of Talley Abbey. | |
| [14 - 65r] Tref Carn, Laith ti Teiliau, Menechl | |
| 5. When Aircol Lauhir, son of Tryfun, was King of the region of Dyfed, and in his turn held his court at Liscastell, which was the metropolis of the whole region, it happened every night when the stewards of the King served him with meat and drink, that by the instigation of the devil, through excess of liquor, one of the soldiers, or of the family of the King, was always killed. | |
These being witnesses: Of the clergy:
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Of laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Cenquest Gazeteer: It will be noticed that the three vills are described in the charter as each extending hit in Ritec, that is as far as (or to) the Ritec; and in the list of churches Laith ty Teilo is said to be super rapam Ritec juxta Pen Alun, whilst Menechi is given as ar glan Ritec juxta Pen Alun. The Ritec is the stream that falls into the sea at Tenby, after a straight easterly course of about six miles from its source in the long ridge of open down extending from directly above Tenbv to Within half a mile of Pembroke. Along the summit of this open land runs a track known as the Ridgelway, the trackway being bordered by many monuments of antiquity. The course of the little stream is on the north side of the upland, but by a sharp bend round the corner of the ridge it reaches the sea a little to the south of the Ridgeway. Traced from its mouth, it is first found to form a boundary between the parishes of Tenby (St. Mary in Liberty) and Penally, next between Gumfreston and Penally, then between Penally and St. Florence, finally disappearing within the last-named parish at a point nearly a mile beyond its parish church. Thus the three trevs had a common boundary in the brook Ritec, and were probably three patrimonies lying on the south or perhaps both sides of the stream, as and, taking Amroth as having been in the Welsh Church period a district of considerable importance and area, it would appear that the first-named of the trevs was situated to the north of the Ritec stream with its dependence on the little seaport of Amroth; Llaethdy Teilo formed the south part with Penally as its natural point of concentration and Tref y Myneich (Monks tun) came between them. (1) The boundary: "From Garthon Hill to the source of Nant Brat, downwards till it falls into the Ritec. On the other side: from Garthon Hill to Nant y Clavorjon as far as into the Ritec." This vill in the district round about (Am)Rath, Tref Cam, would appear to have been situated in the north-eastern corner of the parish of St. Florence, Where on the boundarv line between St. Florence and Gumfreston parishes is an outcrop of rock called Carn Rock and adjacent to it the Tithe Schedule of St Florence locates two Carn Meadows. The trev or township probably extended from the borders of the parish to the Ritec, a distance of a little over a mile. (2) "Laith-ty Teilo, Pembrokeshire From Carn Baglan to the Cil Meinog, along it till it falls into the Ritec." This vill is Llaethdy Teilo. Taken literally, this means Teilo's Dairy but seeing that Teilo like his rival David was probably the son of a Welsh chieftain, or, at lowest, of a Welsh free tribesman, and would accordingly be reared by foster-parents, the words may signify the trev of Teilo's fosterage. It is described as being upon the banks of Ritec, where, a few yards directly north of Carswell Farm, is a spot called in the Tithe; Schedule of Gumfreston; "The Palace," which term is possibly intended to represent the Welsh Llys, and to denote a habitation of dignity and repute Furthermore, a short mile to the south of the site just indicated, and on the slopes of the Ridgeway, the Tithe Schedule gives the name "Castle Gwyne" to the field immediately behind the faint remains of the ancient manor house of Trefloyne. Now, the old list of Teilo foundations mentions one of them as Ecclllis gw iau, "where St. Teilo was born." Where is now no trace of either "eglwys" or "castle" but there can be little doubt that we are here in the immediate neighbourhood of Teilo's birthplace and upbringing, and possibly upon the scene of his earliest labours Menechi (Monks town). (3) "Menechi, Pembrokeshire From Tre Eithinog to the brook of the Rhodwithe, as far as into the Ritec. On the other side: from the Tonou Penncenn to the source of Nant Castell Cerran, as far as into the Ritec." This vill, extended from Tref eithinog (gorse vill) to the streamlet of Nant y Rhodwyddeu, thence to the Ritec; in other directions from Tonou Pencenn (read Pen ceun, the top of the ridge), to (or towards) Nant Castell Cerran, thence to the Ritec. | |
| [15 - 65v] Cil Tutuc and Pennclecir | |
| 6. It happened on a certain day that the pigs of a certain man of Pennalun got into the cornfields of a rich man, named Tutuc, who, when he saw the loss which he sustained, sought the swineherd, that he might be revenged on him. But he did not find him until he came to Pennalun, and there he met with him, and desiring to smite him with a lance, a certain infant named Typheus, nephew of St. Teilo, came in the way and the swineherd defending himself pierced the infant wit a lance, and he died. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "From Castell Cerrau (Cerwto Nant Torr y Gar, as far as to the Locnhty. On the other side: from Nant Castell Carran as far as into the Ritec." Ancient fort where Carew Castle and cross are located. | |
| [16 - 65v] Mainaur Mathru and Cenarth Maur. | |
| 7. There was a man of the name of Cynguaiu, of Doucledif, who was born of a noble family, yet was poor; and his wife being prolific, he had a son every year in succession; | |
| Boundaries:
Mainaur Mathru: Mathry (kml): a parish in Pembrokeshire, 8 miles SW by W from Fishguard. Cenarth Maur (kml):Cenarth, a parish in Carmathenshire, the church is 2.5 miles West North-west of Newcastle Emlyn. | |
| Starting at this point up until Archbishop Oudoceus, the bishops: Ufelwy, Aidan, Elwystyl, Junapeius, Comereg, Arwystyl,
Gwrwan, Gwyddlon, Edilfyw, and Grecielus are really suffragans (acting bishops) of Archbishop Teilo, who was absent for quite some time. The sort tenure of these "bishops" is what makes it suspicious that they are not really bishops. This also explains the lack of information in the bishop lists as to their tenure. When looking at the kings descibed in the charters it becomes clear that they need to be placed between Teilo and Oudoceus. This can be seen, in particular, for Arthur, who according to these charters has a father Meurig, a grandfather Teudrig, and a son Morgan. This is not the only situation as it is also seen in the decendants of King Pepiau where sons and grandsons become kings. The first "bishop" of these suffragans is Ufelwy appears in the clerical witness list of Dubricius as (Vbeluiu, Vbeluiuus, Ubelbiu, Uuelbiu), as does the next "bishop" Aidan as (Elhearn, Elharnn). The next "bishop" Elwystyl (who is probably the same as Arwystyl later on) is in the clerical list of both Dunbricius and Teilo. Junapeius appears as Iunabui, Comereg as Cimmeired, and Gwrwan as (Guoren, Guoruan) in the clerical list of Dubricius. Only the last three Guodloui, Edilfyw, and Grecielus are not on these lists. This confirms that these are merely suffragans and not bishops. |
|
| [39 - 75v] Bolgros | |
|---|---|
| Guruodius, King of Ercycg (Ergyng), in gratitude for a victory over the Saxons, rendering thanks to God, and yielding to the prayers of Bishop Vueluiu and his clergy, granted to him and his successors at the sanctuary of Dubricius and Teliau for ever, the land called Bolgros. Vueluiu the Bishop with his clergy perambulated round the whole area, sprinkling holy water, and preceeded by a holy cross with holy relics and attended by the King and his ministers; and in the midst thereof he founded a church in honor of teh Holy Trinity and St. Petere and Sts. Dubricius and Teliau. | |
| Guruodius is king of Ergyng. (This must be Guidci previously mentioned as son of King Peipau in Charter [4 - 49v] under Dubricius, witnessed by Elwystyl). Eruic is his son. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "Belly-Moor in Madley on the bank of the River Wye opposite to Mochros of 3 uncia" Preston on Wye 8 miles NW of Hereford. | |
| [40 - 75v] Lann Guorboe. | |
| King Guoruodu gave an other piece of land, valued at one uncia, for religion's sake, to God and St. Dubricius and his servants and his church in the dexter side of the Island of Britain, and into the hands of Bishop Vuelbiu and all his successors for ever, and with all common in plain and in woods, in water and in meadows; and the Bishop, perambulating the area preceded by a holy cross with holy relics and by the sprinkling of blessed water, founded in the midst thereof a church (locus) to the honour of the Holy Trinity, placing therein his priest Guoruoe Saint, appointed the same to serve it and occupy it for the advantage of the Church. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Rees suggests Llanwarow, now called Wonastow near Monmouth, however Walter de Gray Birch says Garway in Herefordshire (This is latter place is used and it would place it on western side of Ergyng next to the River Monnow on its east side where there was a church.) | |
| [38 - 75r] Lann Sulbu. | |
| King Mouric (Meurig) gave, for the redemption of his soul, to God and Saints Dubricius and | |
| Significantly Meurig has King Cynfyn witnessing so he must have married Onbraust daughter of Gwrgant the Great mentioned in Charter 17 whose father is Cynfyn. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "From the head of Ismael's dyke on Nant y Galles, along the dyke through the wood to the open, to the spring of the Gwvalon. Along the Gwvalon as far as Nant Greitol, along it to the Monnow. Along the Monnow as far as the influx of Nant y Galles. Along Nant y Galles as far as the head of Ismael's dyke, where the boundary began." Now called Llansillow or Llancillo, a parish in Herefordshire about 14.5 miles from Hereford on the west side of the Monnow. | |
| [41 - 76r] Mafurn. | |
|---|---|
| A grant by King Cinuin (Cynfyn), son of King Pepiau, to God, and Saints Dubricius and Teliau of Mafurn, which was given into the possession of Bishop Aidan for the redemption of the soul of the grantor to be held for ever by the Bishops of Llandaff with freedom from tax and common in plain and in woods, in water and in meadows. | |
| King Cinuin (Cynfyn), son of King Pepiau, is now king, therefore his older brother King Guidci of Ergyng is present, but no longer king, apparenly having abdicated. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "Begining from Mafurn downwards as far as the Allt (steep place) of Rudlan, the Dour (Dore)" which would be in Herefordshire, however for some reason Dour is written after some spaces with might have modified its effect of the location. If it did not say Dore, the obvious location would actually be at Malvern on the border of Worcestershire and the Hereford Beacons. This is just within the presumed eastern extent of Ergyng and it would be a perfect match with the previous Charter [40 - 75v] which marks the western extent of Eygyng.) | |
| [42 - 76r] Cum Barruc | King Cinuin (Cynfyn) and his brother Guidci confirmed to God and Bishop Elgistus three uncias, or ounces' worth of cultivated land (ager) |
|---|---|
| This appears to be the same parcel of land in Charter [4 - 49v] dedicated to Dubricius and is a re-dedication to Bishop Elwystyl with Cynfyn having become King. (Note that the witness to the previous charter for Cum Barruc was Arguistil and it might be that Elwystyl is the same person, which lends proof that these and other bishops were just suffragans of Teilo, but more importantly acted before Oudoceus' tenure.) | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity
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| Boundaries: (kml) Three uncias of land. | |
| [43 - 76r] Lann Loudeu in Ergyng | |
|---|---|
| Gurcant (Gwrgant), King of Ercicg (Ergyng), son of Cinuin (Cynfyn), granted to Junapeius the Bishop and Sts. Dubricius and Teliau and the Church of Llandafif for ever the podum Loudeu, or Lann Loudeu, in Ercycg (Ergyng) | |
| King Gwrgant son of Cinuin (Cynfyn) has two sons: Morcant (Morgan) and Caratauc (Caradog Freichfras-Strong Arm) thus Arthur's maternal uncle. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Assumed to be Llancloudy. | |
| [44 - 76v] Lann Budgualan. | |
| King Gurcant (Gwrgant), sitting on the tomb of his father Cinuin (Cynfyn), and for his father's soul's health, granted to God and Sts. Dubricius and Teliau into the hand of Bishop Junapeius the podum Sancti Budgualan, Lann Budgualan, or Ballingham in Herefordshire, with two uncice, or ounces, and a half uncia of land circumjacent, free of all tax except to the Church of Saints Dubricius and Teliau of Lanndavia for ever. | |
| King Gwrgant's father Cinuin (Cynfyn) has died. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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Boundaries: (kml) "From the Willow ford upwards as far as the great river, near the brook Circhan, within the circuit of the river Wye, the whole angle. from Landscape Origins of the Wye Valley (It is interesting to note that the above researchers have stated: "in about 620 King Gwrgan gave Podum Sancti Badgualan to Bishop Inabwy (Junapeius)". This date would be the consensus date supported by Dr. Wendy Davies, who used a flawed dating of the kings. The researchers have logically observed the obvious problem without questioning: "at this period all the surrounding area would have been British"! (exclamation is mine). Wendy Davis and others have been mislead by mistake of the compiler under Bishop Urban (1076–1134) to place the bishops Ufelwy to Grecielus in Charters (38-55) after Oudoceus. These bishops were actually suffragans of Teilo and should have been placed with Teilo. No doubt Bishop Urban's compiler used the flawed list of bishops as shown in Godwin & Le Neve A Survey of the Cathedral-church of Landaff (1719). See: Method of reordering the Charters for a fuller explanation.) | |
| This charter under "Bishop" Comereg is extremely significant as it contains the only grant of Arthur and also showing that he is a King, thus disproving those scholars who say that Arthur was never "king". Given that other charters show him as the son of Meurig, the grandson of Tewdrig, and having a son Morgan, this grant and all of these preceding and following this one were clearly made before Archbishop Oudoceus and not after him as in the orginal document. Also Bishop Comreg is Arthur's brother (See Arthur's sister: St. Gwenonwy). | |
| [45 - 76v] Lann Cinmarch, Llandeui, Lann Junabui, Lann Guorboe | |
|---|---|
| Athruis (King Arthur), King of the Guent (Gwent)
region, granted to God and Saints Dubricius and Teliauus into the hands
of Comeregius the Bishop, the Church of Cinfarch, the disciple of Dubricius (St. Cynfarch),
with its appurtenant lands that is Manor Troumur and
Lanndeui, Lann Junabui, and
Lann Guoruoe in the field of Molochu and the the mansion of Mafurn and Lann Calcuch and Lann Cerniu,
with all its appurtenant land to the exclusion of his heirs except by
assent of the Bishops of Llandaff, and with all liberties and commons
in plain and in woods, in water and in meadows forever. And King Athruis (King Arthur) walked the entire boundaries of the gift of the land, sprinkling dust taken from the spulchre of St. Cinfarch the disciple of St. Dubricius, preceded by a holy cross and sprinkling of holy water, attended by Bishop Comeregius with all his clergy. The King (Arthur) alone carried the Gospel on his back and confirmed forever the alms which had been given for the soul of his father Mouric (Meurig); and a blessing being given to him (Arthur), and an absolution at the same time pronounced, he commended himself, both body and soul, to the present Bishop and his successors in the See. |
|
| Arthur (Athruis) is now King Arthur. Significantly, he is very religious. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "The Manor of Tnoumur, from the
fissure of the valley of Annwg on the Wye upwards along
the valley to the ditch in the valley, following the ditch
near the high road throughout its length to the Pool Merrick (a brook near Mathern, Monmouthshire).
Upwards with Pool Merrick for a boundary to the Pant
Mawr, along Nant Catguistil upwards to the Sow's track,
to the Taran-bwll, to the ? -tog, to the mound of the
Yew-tree, through the wood downwards to the dyke, along
it to the Wye, with its wears downwards as far as Pant
Annwg, where the boundary began." (1) Lann Cinmarch, St. Kinmark, North of Chepstow (kml); (2) Lanndeui, or Dew-church, Hereford, County; (kml) (3) Lann Junabui (or Bredwardine) See Charter [3 - 49v]; (4) Lann Guoruoe (or Gurboe, i.e., Garway) See Charter [40 - 75v]; (5) Podum Mafurn (Malvern on the border of Worcestershire and the Hereford Beacons) See Charter [41 - 76r]; (6) Lann Calcuch and Lann Cerniu (The site of Abbey Dore). See Charter [2 - 49r], | |
| [46 - 77r] Lann Coit. | |
|---|---|
| King Idon, recognising the corruptibility of human nature, and penitent for his misdeeds, having become enamoured of the divine injunction and desirous of attaining to the joys of paradise after the closing of his earthly career, declared one day in the presence of his nobles: " I dedicate to God and to Saint Peter and to Saints Dubricius and Teliau, in the presence of Bishop Arguistlus and all his successors | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Possibly Llan-y-coed at the head of Golden Valley, Herefordshire. | |
| [47 - 77v] Llannmihangel Tref Ceriau in Brecknock | |
|---|---|
| The Kings Teudur in Brecheniauc, son of Rein, and Elgistil, son of August, confirmed their mutual friendship by oaths on the altar of St. Dubricius, with specify penalties for non-observance. Afterwards King Teudur slew Elgistil, or Elgist, whereupon Bishop Guruan excommunicated him for his crimes of murder and perjury. To obtain pardon the King granted Lann Mihangel Tref Ceriau to the See | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "From the highway which is on the south by the thorn bush, from thence as far as the brook Rhiangoll (a river that falls into the Usk about 2 miles from Crickhowel), which is on the north along the brook towards the east as far as the fountain Cenian, afterwards from the fountain Cenian along the dry valley which leads upwards to the aforesaid highway, which is on the south where it began." Supposed by some to be Llanfihangel, or Michael Cwmdu, a parish in Breconshire, the church is situated about 4 miles NW from the town of Crickhowel. | |
| [48 - 78r] Village of Is-Pant | |
|---|---|
| Cuchein, son of Gloiu (Glywys), gave the " Vill of the Valley'' with three modii, to God, and Saints Dubricius and Teliauus, into the hands of Bishop Guodloiu, and gave also Guingualus and his offspring, to be a serf of the Church of Llandaff and its pastors for ever, with the usual privileges or appurtenances. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) Is-pant would appear to be Pant, Merthyr Tydfil. Its location must place it in Glywysing and assuming Cuchein's father Gloiu is Glywys Cernwy, the grandson of King Glywys ap Tegid. Glywys Cernwy was a brother of Cadog and he was martyred in Merthir Gluius. | |
| [49 - 78r] Grants of Gurcant (Gwrgant); Bonus | |
|---|---|
| A confirmation (by attestation) of the gifts by Gurcant (Gwrgant) of a piece of tilled land "across the road," for his soul's health to God and St. Dubricius, into the hands of Bishop Hediluiu, and for all his successors in the Church for ever; and by Bonus of another piece out of his own uiicia of land, just as Gurcant (Gwrgant) had done. No boundaries are mentioned, and there are no means of identifying the localities. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: None available. | |
| [50 - 78r] Cilpedec (Kilpeck) in Ergyng | |
|---|---|
| It is to be known by all Christians dwelling in the southern part of Britain, and chiefly those between the Guy and the Tyui, that Fauu son of Benjamin gave the Church of Cilpedec, with its circumjacent land, for his soul's health, to God and St. Dubricius, into the hands of Bishop Grecielis. And thus Fauu quitclaimed it, and Gedeon also, with approval of King Mouric (Meurig), who ordered a settlement of the churches in his realm more agreeable to the law of God. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) This relates to Kilpeck in Herefordshire, and the church is called Lann de Gui Cilpedec in another record. | |
| [51 - 78r] Cum Mouric (Meurig) in Ercicg (Ergyng). | |
| 2. Guinncum freed the Church of Cum Mouric (Meurig) according to the word and command of King Mouric (Meurig), and restored it to God and St. Dubricius into the hands of Bishop Grecielis | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "From the brook Iguern to the ascent. to this Morgen added "some part of his Vill across the road." Possibly Morraston, Little Dewchurch, Herefordshire. | |
| [52 - 78v] Grant of Gwylffer; Cynfyn; Ner | |
| 3. By this deed Gulferi, Cinuin (Cynfyn), and Nir, sons of Gurcan, and Bonus and his sons, grant in the terms with which we are now conversant from their occurrence in previous charters to God, St. Dubricius, St. Teliauus, and Bishop Grecielis | |
| Gurcant (Gwrgant) has two sons Cinuinon (Cynfyn) and Nir. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: (kml) "The land in the wilderness, on the banks of the Meinbui (Monnow or Mynwy in Monmouthshire) 2 modii (18 acres). The use of the word widerness and the small size of the parcel would make it associated with the upper part of the Monnow and thus can be assigned possibly Clodock Church. | |
| [53 - 78v] The Six [Seven] Churches | |
| 4. This document, notifies all
Christians that Britcon Hail son of Deuon, dedicated, that is,
confirmed, six churches on the same day, to God and St. Dubricius, for
his soul's health, into the hands of Bishop Grecielis --- Britcon and
Iliuc gave after similar manner Lann Bocha, with its appurtenances,
after the word or order of King Mouric (Meurig). The Churches are: (1) Lann Budgualan, which formerly belonged to St. Dubricius; (2) Merthyr Cynfall; (3) Lann Bocha; and the churches of (4) Tipallai, (5) Dinuil, (6) Mafrun, (7) Mable having 6 modii (54 acres). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (1) The Churches of Lann Budgualan at the mouth of the Circan, probably Ballingham, dedicated to St. Dubricius, about eight miles to the south-east of Hereford. See [44 - 76v] (2) And Merthir Cinfall (See St. Cynfall), with all its lands, consisting of three modii, or twenty-seven acres, and the land given by Iudhail; also an additional land given by Biuon to the Church: "The Buckholt, to the head of the ditch, along the ditch to the spring of Evrdil 's well, along its Gwver as far as the Monnow. Along the Monnow as far as Pwll Rhudd, ? Red pool, upwards as far as the end of the hill, downwards to Llech Fforch, to Aber Geviat. Along the Geviat to the end of the Aithnog, to the right of the Allt, as the dyke leads to Cirn Cinvall, where the boundary began." Llangunville near Buckholt Wood (kml) (3) Britcon and Iliuc gave after similar manner Lann Bocha, with its appurtenances, after the word or order of King Mouric See [5 - 49v]: "At the ditch as far as Castell Meirch, perhaps Newcastle, St. Maughan's; then to the Valley of Lembi, as far as the valley of Cilcirch, straight along the valley as far as Baudur; then along Eilin as far as the head of the wood, through the middle of the wood to the head of Nant Pedecou, or Pedecon; then to Tnouguinn, as far as the red ford, next to Tinnu; then to the appletree of Henntre iguonui; then towards the brake of the willows it goes down into the first ditch, where it began." (4) Lann Tipallai, "The spring of Arganhell across the wood along the dyke to Llwch yr Eilin as far as the pant, along it to Cestill Meirch, straight on to Cil Fotul, across the plain along the dyke as far as 'duuir in dair ', along the pant through the wood up to the spring of Argannel where the boundary began." ? The Parsonage Farm, W. of St. Maughan. It appears to join Llan Mocha, and must be some place in Llangattock (kml) (5) Lann Diniul: "The Mouric, the Pool Merrick, to the mouth of Pant Pwll Pennic, through the middle as the pant leads upwards to the high road, to Pwll Iceth close to the high road. From the Pwll downwards as it leads into the pant, Trevguidd to the right, to the Garn, to the road. Along the road, along the Cilliuen through the wood. Along the road as far as as the Mouric at the Sychbwll, (Dry pool). Along the Mouric as it leads upwards as far as the mouth of Pant Pwll Pennic, where the boundary began." Ll. Ddeiniol, the Welsh name of Itton, Monmouthshire, is possibly the modern form. (kml) (6) The boundary of Mafurn: "To the top of Allt Rhuddlan Dour." Charter [41 - 76r] (7) Church of Mable: "From the Glaswern to the Dyvnant Du, the deep black brook. Thence transversely between Jacob's river and Brynn Cornue. Again through the wood from there it descends to the Manach rivulet (now called Mynachty brook which falls into the river Trothy about 2 miles below Llanfabey Church); In a straight line to the Halannog; straight on through the wood to the Oncir as far as the further well. With the ashwood for a guide it goes in a straight line between two castles to the long island of Istiz until it falls into the river Trothy." Ec. Mable: = Llanvapley, Monmouthshire. (kml). | |
| [54 - 79r] Lann Cum. | |
| 5. A grant or confirmation by Cinuelin, to God, St. Dubricius, and St. Teliauus, and to Bishop Grecielis and the Church for ever, for his soul's health, with the usual appurtenances. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (kml) "From Aber Nant Bis on the Bic as the Bis leads upwards throughout its length as far as its source, to the road. From the road to the Ardd. Along the Ardd towards the west as far as the Cecin of the Allt. From the Allt down^yards as far as Rhyd yr Onnen, (Ash-ford), on Nant Broveni, along it as far as Nant Ffos Pluum, along it upwards to Ystrad Havren. From the top of Ystrad Havren as far as the Cecin, along the Cecin as far as the road, to the Ardd, along the Ardd as far as the spring of the well, along it downwards till it falls into Bic. Along Bic downwards to Aber Bis, where the boundary began." Llan Gwm, Monmouthshire. | |
| [55 - 79v] Grant of Mainerch; Gwmer | |
| 6. Main-erch, son of Milfrit, and Guiner, son of Iacuan grant land to God, Dubricius, Teliauus, and Bishop Grecielis, by . | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (kml) On the banks of the Ambyr River, three modii, or twenty-seven acres. "From the ford of Pallan to the ditch following the ditch to the Green mound, from the mound out of the cultivated land as far as the river Ambyr (now called Gamber Brook, Herefordshire, it rises about 1.5 miles northward from Llanywern and runs into the Garan about a mile from Llanguran Church), with part of the land of the wood Mamillet." | |
| (presided over the synod at Llandaff in 560) Third member of the thaumaturgic triad of the Church of Llandaff, the Blessed Oudoceus next claims our attention. His Life and miracles have been written in the Liber Landavensis, and there are many incidental notices of him in the old writers, and the hagiologists. Like Dubricius and Teliaus or Teilo, his predecessors, Oudoceus lived to long old age, and, as in their case, so in his, the chronology of his occupation of the See is uncertain. There were several synods held at Llandaff. One, to which the date of A.D. 563 is attached, Oudoceus is said to have presided, and if this be a genuine date, it throws some additional light on the possible dates that we must concede to Dubricius and Teilo. Twenty-one charters of the time of Archbishop Oudoceus are recorded in the Liber Landavensis. | |
| [67v] The boundary of the episcopate of Llann Dav in the time of Oudoceus (67v) | |
|---|---|
| J. Gwenogvryn Evans, The text of the Book of Llan Dav
merged with Theophilus Jones, A history of the county of Brecknock
Boundary of the episcopate of Llann
Dav in the time of Oudoceus: (This boundary is well defined except between Aber Pyscottwr and the source of the Usk. Between the source of the Gurangon and that of Ffrwd y Wython is also difficult; owing to change of names. Approximately, the boundary between the head of the Usk and Hal Du is the same as the present boundary between the counties of Carmarthen and Glamorgan, and between Glamorgan and Brecknock as far as the head of the Rumney river.) Begins: Along the Towy from its estuary to the influx of the Piscotuc (Pyscottwr) into the Towy (55 miles west of Llanwrtyd). From the Pyscottwr to Teir Guernen Buell (Builth) (that is Cantref Bychan, Selyff, and Buell). From Teir Guernen Buell upwards along to Trecastle, Breconshire (the Castle of the Three-Districts, to wit, Cantre Bychan, and Cantre Seliv, and Buell). From Castell Teir-Tut, upwards along to Doulwyn Helic, (alias Pendoulwyn or Weun Ddu. From Doulwyn Helic, to the source of the Usk, to the Black Mountain (Mynyth Du, Carmarthenshire). Along Mynyth Du to the source of the Twrch (which forms the westerm boundary of Brecknock). Along the the Twrch downwards as far as the Tawe. Along the Tawe upwards as far as the Cynlais (Cynles). Along the Cynles to its source. From the source of the Cynles to Allungwernen (Hal un Guernen -the Moor of one Alder). From Hal un Guernen to the source of the Pwerdin (Purddin - which rivlet forms part of the southern boundary of Brecknock). From the source of the Purddin till it falls into the Ned (Nedd). Along the Nedd upwards as far as the influx of the Mellton (Mellte). Along the Mellte upwards as far as the Hepstue (Hepston, Hepste). The Hepston upwards to Gwyragon (Gurangon). The Gurangon to its source; from its source to Gauanhawe (cp. Tre-bannog in Penderyn). From Gauanhawe as far as Deri Emrys, (cp. Nanty Deri). From Deri Emrys to Cecin Clysty, (? Mynydd y Glog in Penderyn). Along Cecin Clysti to the source of Fruit y guidon (Ffrwd y Wyddon); along it as far as Taff (Taff mawr). The Taff downwards as far as Cymmar (Cymer, i.e. the 'confluence' below Ceven Cod Cymer). From Cymer upwards along the Tav Vechan. Along the Taff Bechan (lesser Taff) Vechan as far as Rhyd y Cambren, (cp. Rhiw Gambren, near Pont Sticcill). From Rhyd y Cambren to Hal Du, (the Black Moor, at or near the head of the Rumney river, cp. Pwlle Duon & Ceven Pwlle Duon). From Hal Du to the Hir Geven, to the long Cemyn to the brook Crafnant (Now Crawnon in Llangynidr). Along the Crafbant to that Cratnell (Carfenell) till it falls into the Usk. Across the Usk to Cil Idris, (? Chilston, near Cil Wych), to the Allt Lwyd (Allt), to Buckland (Bychit), to the Cecynypynmarch (Cecyn on Penn y Pynmarch, ? Ceven Moel), to Guomoyd (Guornoid, ? the ridge of Mynys Treed), to Rhyd nant, to the middle of DinMarchlythan, (Castell Dinas), to Olygdar (Ol y Gabr, the Goats track) to Bron Cader (Cador mountain), to the breast of Cader Neveni, (? Nevein), to souce of Guomoyd (Gwerinon - the spring of Grwyne Vawr), to Guartha Bwch y Fingal, (pass at the head of Llanthony valley), to Brydell, to Hal Ruma, (? Cussop 'Moor'), to Maeny Bardd (on the N.W. slope of the Black Mountains) at the spring of Nant y Barth (rising on Cusop Hill, Her.). Along Nant y Barth downwards till it falls into the Dour, Dore. Along the Dour downwards till it falls into the Guormwy, the Worm. Along the Guormwy upwards to its source. From the source of the Guormwy to Caer Rein, Acornbury Camp. From Caer Rein to the source of the Taratyr (Tar's Mill,' N.E. of Acombury, Her. Taratyr is supposed to be a brook dividing Holm Lacy from Dinedor, entering the Wye about five miles below Hereford.). Along the whole length of the Taratyr downwards till it falls into the Wye, (S.S.E. of Dindor Court). Along the Wye till it falls into the Severn. Along the Severn Sea by the Island of Echni as far as the estuary of the Towy. | |
| [18 - 69v] Grant of King Meurig - Mathern. | |
| 2. Grant by King Teudiric (Tewdrig) of land at Mathern, co.
Monmouth:
King Teudiric (Tewdrig) when he was in his kingdom, preserving peace and
administering justice with his people, had less regard for temporal
than eternal power, and accordingly gave up his kingdom to his son
Mouric (Meurig), and commenced leading a hermitical life among the rocks of
Dindyrn (or Tintern). When he was there resident, the Saxons began to
invade his land against his son, so that unless he individually would
afford his assistance, his son would be altogether dispossessed by
foreigners. Concerning which, Teudiric (Tewdrig) said that while he possessed the
kingdom, he was never overcome, but was always victorious; so that when
his face was seen in battle, the enemy immediately were turned to
flight. And the angel of the Lord said to him on the preceding night, "Go tomorrow to assist the people of God against the enemies of the
Church of Christ and the enemy will turn their face in flight, as far
as Pwll Brochuail; and do thou, being armed, stand in the battle.
Seeing thy face and knowing it, they will, as usual, betake themselves
to flight, and afterwards for the space of thirty years they will not
dare, in the time of thy son to invade the country; and the natives,
and other inhabitants will be in peace; but thou shalt be wounded by a
single stroke
in the district of Rit tindyrn and in three days die in peace.'' So, rising in the morning, when the army of his son Muric came, he mounted his horse, and went cheerfully with them, agreeably to the commandment of the angel; and being armed, he stood in the battle on the banks of the Guy, near the ford of Tindirn; and on his face being seen, the enemy turned their backs, and betook themselves to flight; but one of them threw a lance, and wounded him therewith, as had been foretold to him; and therefore he rejoiced, as if spoil had been taken, he requested his father to come with him, who thus said, " I will not depart hence until my Lord Jesus Christ shall bring me to the place which 1 have desired, where I shall desire to lie after death, that is, in the island of Echni." And early in the morning, two stags yoked, and ready with a vehi- cle, were before the house where he lodged, and the man of God, knowing that God had sent them, mounted the bier, and wheresoever they rested there fountains flowed, until they came to a place near a meadow towards the Severn. And when they came there, a most clear fountain flowed, and the bier was completely broken, he then immediately commended his spirit to God, and ordered the stags to depart; and having remained there alone, after a short space of time, he expired. His son Meurig being informed of the death of his father, built there an oratory and cemetery, which were consecrated by St. Oudoceus; and for the soul of his father he granted the whole territory, to Bishop Oudoceus, and the Church of Llandaff (St. Govein, or Goveinwen, was the wife of Tewdrig, and mother of Mouric (Meurig).) |
|
| Arthur's grandfather Teudrig dies in battle, having come out of retirement as a Saint. | |
| [20 - 70v] Lann Cingualan, and Lann Arthbodu. Lann Conuur, and Lann Pencreic. | |
| 4. A grant of four churches: It is clearly known that Bishop Oudoceus acquired as his own land the estate of Cingualan, land indeed of St. Dubricius in the country of Guhyr, or Gower, which St. Oudoceus lost from the fatal time of the yellow pestilence, until the time of Athruis (King Arthur), son of Mouric (Meurig). And after great strife between Bishop Oudoceus and Biuon, Abbot of Illtyd, who declared that the land was his, the aforesaid land was at last, by true judgment, adjudged to St. Oudoceus, and the Altar of Llandaff, in perpetual inheritance. | |
| King Mouric (Meurig), acts on behalf of his son Athruis, showing that Arthur is away (? as Pendragon of Britain.). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: The boundary of Lann Cyngualan, ? in Gower. Between the two ditches towards the sea and upwards along the two ditches to the mountain along the Cecin, the boundary of Llan Genvei. | |
| [17 - 69v] Cilcinhinn and 12 modii of land at Conuoy; Lanngenei. | |
| 1. Be it known to us that Mouric (Meurig), King of Morcanhuc (Morgannwg), son of Teudiric (Tewdrig), and his wife, Onbraust, daughter of Gurcantus (Gwrgant) the Great, have restored to God, and to the Bishop Oudoceus, and to his holy predecessors, Teliauus and Dubricius, and all his successors in the Church of Llandaff, three modii of land at Cilcyuhynn, and six modii of land at Conuoy, that is Lann Gemei, and also Lan Teiliau Talypont which formerly belonged to it, for their souls' health, and the souls of their relatives, free from all royal service, with all their dignity and liberty, sanctuary, and free commonage to the inhabitants, present and future, in field and in woods, in water and in pastures, in perpetual consecration. | |
| King Muricus (Mouric /Meurig) has a wife, Onbraust, and they have two sons: Idnerth and Athruis (King Arthur). Mouric (Meurig)'s father is Teudiric (Tewdrig) and Onbraust's father is Gurcant (Gwrgant)us the Great (Gwrgant the Great). Thus Gwent and Ergyng are united. | |
Of the clergy:
|
The witnesses are, of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (1) Lann Gemei vel Terra Convoi,
? Gower. The boundary: From the ridge of the Hill, which
divides the wood and the plain, into the sea, and from
the same ridge right to the spring of the Diwgurach;
along the Diwgurach downwards as far as into the sea. (2) Lan Deilo Tal y Bont, Carm. From the influx of the Marles to the bottom of Llannerch Onnvyw. Across Cwm Onnvyw to the 'guyth lunguyd,' to the Cam-Guili. Across the Cam-Guili to the Hytir Melyn. From the Hytir Melyn straight on to the Llwchwr on the other side. Along the Llwchwr upwards as far as Camffrwd. Along the Camffrwd, on the church side of Llwchwr, to its source, to Allt Minchei, Ceven Drum. Along the Allt to Dules. Through the Dules-es as far as Dinas Cynllyvan. Along the side as far as opposite the source of the Cynvran. Along the further Cynvran as far as the Llwchwr. (3) Mathern. The boundary: Mathern, Mon. The boundary: From the mouth of the Pool Merrick brook upwards to the pool, to Lybiaw's stone. From the pool to the stone, to the head of the higher ground, along the higher ground to the well of Elichguidd, upwards along the brook to the well of Crug Llewyrn. From the well of Crug Llewyrn near to the mouth of Nant Bywguan. Along Nant Biwguan as far as the pools of Rhinion, to the two pools. From the two pools straight downwards to the Carn. From the Carn downwards to the ditch on the ridge of the mountain. From the ditch towards the east transversely across the head of the pant of Nant Ruisc. Along the dyke as far as Lunbiw's Kiln. From the Kiln downwards along the dyke as far as the Carn of Perth yr Onn, downwards to the ruins, to the pool. Along the pool to the mouth of the Hunger Pill on the Wye. Along the Wye and the Severn, with its wears and its landing-place for ships, as far as the mouth of the Merrick brook. | |
| [19 - 70v] Church of Guruid | |
| 3. After an interval of time King Mouric (Meurig), with approbation and consent to his heir Lilian, and likewise as his gift, granted the Church of Guruid, with its land to God, and St. Dubricius, | |
Of the clergy:
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The witnesses are, of the laity:
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| Boundaries: From the black marsh as far as the seat (podum) of Cetiau and Hahesceun, and from thence as far as the trees of Foton. | |
| [23 - 71v] King Meurig give four villlas. | |
| 7. King Mouric (Meurig) and Cynuetu met together at Llandaff in the presence of Bishop Oudoceus, and swore before the relics of the saints that there should be firm peace kept between them. But although the oath had been taken, after an interval the King deceitfully killed Cynuetu; | |
| King Meurig has a son Frioc and a grandson Morgan, the son of Arthur). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [26 - 72r] Porthcassec | |
| 10. King Mouric (Meurig), and Iudic son of Nud, granted to God, and the Church of Llandaff and to St. Dubricius and Teliauus, and in the hand of Bishop Oudoceus, | |
The witnesses are, of the laity:
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|
| Boundaries: | |
| [27 - 72v] Tir Hiernin; Tir Retoc | |
| 11. Let catholic men know that Iudic son of Nud, and Cinan son of Cinuedu both being Kings have granted for their souls' health to the chief Bishop, and to St. Dubricius, and to St. Teliauus, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [30 - 73r]Grant of King Morgan | |
| 14. The convention between King Morcant (Morgan) and his uncle Frioc; the treacherous murder of Frioc by the King; the appeal of Oudoceus in Synod, the penitence of the murderer, and his vow in favour of the religious institutions of his realm, | |
| King Morgan killed his uncle Frioc. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [22 - 71r] Lann Cors | |
| 6. Know all Christians, that Agustus, King of Brecheinniauc, and his sons, Eliud and Riuallaun, on account of the Lord, and out of personal friendship, have given in alms, | |
| King Augustus is king of Brecon and his sons are Eliud and Riuallaun. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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The witnesses are, of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Lann Gors, Brec. Its boundary is: From the Aber of the Well of the Twelve Saints on lake Syvaddon along the Gwver upwards to its spring, to the head of Llywarch Hen's dyke; along the dyke till it descends into the Llyvni, along it downwards as far as Penn Bryn Eital, towards the left across to the hill-top, to the source of the Tawel brook. Along the brook as far as the Llyvni. Along the Llyvni to the Lake. Along the Lake as far as the Aber of the Well of the Twelve Saints, where the boundary began. | |
| [31 - 73v] Lann Guruaet. | |
| 15. August, King of Brecheiniaun. and his sons Eliud and Riuallaun, restored to God, and to St. Teliauus, and St. Dubricius, and in the hand of the chief Bishop Oudoceus, and to all the Bishops of Llandaff in perpetual consecration, Lannguruaet, which formerly belonged to St. Dubricius and St. Teliauus, with all its territory, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Ll. Deilo'r Van, Brec. Its boundary is: From the source of the Ethrin (now Eithrin) along the Cecin upwards to Cam Erchan, (cp. Bryny Garn.) From Carn Erchan to the old road, along the road as far as Porth y Dorclwyd, to the Cecin. Along the Cecin to the source of Nant Dincat. Along Nant Dincat till it falls into the Cilieni brook. Along the Cilieni as far as the influx of Nant yr Hen. Along Nant yr Hen to Crug Hisbernn. From Crug Hisbernn along the Cecin of the mountain as far as the foot of Croes Guerion, downwards as far as the moor of the three boundaries, to Nant Cene. Along Nant Cene as far as the Cilieni. Along the Cilieni as far as the influx of Post Du. Along the Post Du as far as the Cleudach (Clydach, Clontac). Along the Cleudach to its source, to the Guern across the mountain, along it as far as the Shepherds' Hill. Along the hill to the source of the Mawen." From the source of the Mawen along the mountain to the source of the Ethrim where the boundary began. | |
| [32 - 73v] Lann Cyncyrill. | |
| 16. King Morcant (Morgan) son of Athruis (King Arthur) for the soul of Ffrioc son of Mouric (Meurig), whom he slew, and for the redemption of his own soul, having taken the yoke of penitence in fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, gave to the chief Bishop Oudoceus, and St. Dubricius, and St. Teilo, or Teliauus, Lann Cyncirill, and the land of Cynfall, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [29 - 72v] Villa Lath. | |
| 13. Be it known to all who dwell in southern Britain (dextralis Britannia) that King Morcant (Morgan), son of Athruis (King Arthur), granted to the Church at Llandaff of St. Peter and of St. Dubricius, and St. Teliauus, and to St. Oudoceus the Bishop, and to all his successors for the exchange of a heavenly kingdom, the Villa of Lath, with all its liberty, without any payment to mortal man, besides to the Church of Llandaff. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [36 - 75r] Lann Emrdil | |
| 20. King Ithael sacrificed to God and to St. Dubricius, and St. Teliauus, and in the hand of the chief Bishop Oudoceus, and to all his successors in the Church of Llandaff | |
| Boundaries: Lann Emrdil = Ll. Erddil, N.N.E. of Ll. Denny, Mon. Its boundary is: From Rhyd y Maen on the Olway along the brook as it leads upwards as far as its source, as far as Allt y Cigvran, (the Raven's height), to the source of the Hebog brook, along it till it falls into the Guevrddwvr, (now Guenddwr), as it leads downwards as far as the Olway. Along the Olway downwards as far as Rhyd y Maen on the Olway, where the boundary began. | |
| [24 - 72r] Riu Graenauc, Nant Auan, Villa Gurberth. | |
| 8. King Morcant (Morgan), son of Athruis (King Arthur), with his heir Gurhytyr, granted the villa for the soul's health of his grandfather, Mouric (Meurig), son of Teudiric (Tewdrig), to Oudoceus the Bishop, and to the Church of Llandafif, and its pastors for ever, without any payment to mortal man, and with its liberty and the whole commonage. | |
| Morgan's grandfather Meurig son of Teudric is near death. Morgan's heir is Gurhytyr. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [28 - 72v] Coupalua penniporth . Villa Gregurii , i.e. , Villa | |
| 12. It came to pass that Bishop Oudoceus received the Villa from Guedgen, son of Brochmail, for his soul | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [25 - 72r] Podum of Liuhess in Eluail. | |
| 9. King Morcant (Morgan) gave the podum of Liuhes in alms to Bishop Oudoceus, and the Church of Llandaff, and all his successors for ever, without any payment to any mortal man, and with all its liberty, in field and in woods, in water and in pastures, and on the sepulchre of his grandfather. King Mouric (Meurig), lying in Llandafif, before proper witnesses. | |
| Morgan's grandfather Meurig is laid to rest at Llandaff. | |
Of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [34 - 74r] The Church of Elidon, and Gucof. | 18. King Ithail (Ithel) son of Athruis (King Arthur), when riding on a certain day through the land of Guocob, fell to the ground, owing to the stumbling of his horse; and rising unhurt, he gave thanks to God, |
| Two interesting points need to be made here. Firstly, Ithel should be grandson of Arthur as shown in Charter 35. Secondly, it appears that Morgan has shared power jointly with his son Ithel as he has the title of King. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Ec. Elidon & Guocov, now St. Lythan's & Wenvo, Glam. The boundary of these villages is: From the pant nearest to the spring of the Gwrrimi, Little Rumney. From the Gwrrimi straight to the mouth of Pant Ciu, along it upwards as far as the top of the hill, to the dyke. Along the dyke transversely across the road. Along the dyke through the wood downwards to the pant, along the dyke to the Carn. Along the dyke to the well. From the well to the dyke. Along the dyke to the other well. From the well along the ditch upwards through the wood to the hill above (?) the Allt, along the ditch. Along the ditch to the pant. Along the pant upwards across the high road, along the dyke over the hill straight to the top of Pant Golych, (now Dyffryn Golych), to Hen Lotre Eliddon, at the head of the pant. The pant downwards through the middle of the valley to the spring of the Golych. The Golych downwards along it to the place opposite Powisva Dewi, at the top of the Garn. Ynys Teir-erw on the other side of the brook. Along the brook downwards as far as its influx into the Guorrimi. Along the Guorrimi upwards as far as the place over against the pant where the boundary began. | |
| [37 - 75r] Lann Menechi. | |
| 21. Brochmail son of Guidgentiuai, sacrificed the village of Meneich, to St. Dubricius, and St. Teliauus, and in the hand of Bishop Oudoceus, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | [21 - 71r] Lann Merguall. |
| 5. Morcant (Morgan), King of Morcannhuc, son of Athruis (King Arthur), on Christmas Day claimed quiet possession of the Church of Cyngur Trosgardi, which heretofore belonged to St. Teliauus, and at the same time, for his oblation, restored it to the supreme pontiff, Oudoceus, and to St. Teliauus, and St. Dubricius, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Llan [Deilo] Verwallt = Bishopston, Gower. Its boundary: From the influx of Canthed's well into the sea at Caswell Bay, along the pant upwards to the pools, to Carn Cymlyr, to Maen Diastur to the Cecin of the hill, over the hill to the moor of Brechmil, to the head of the Hytyr. From the hytyr to the brook. Along the brook as far as the Dubleis, the Black Pill. The Black Pill as far as Rhyd y Deveid. From Rhyd y Deveid to the little brook; along the brook towards the left to Penn Llwyn Lladron, the head of the thieves forest. From the forest to the brook, along it into the Severn Sea. | |
| [33 - 74r] Lann Oudocui. | |
| 17. Morcant (Morgan) King of Gleuissic (Glywysing), for the exchange of a heavenly kingdom, granted with great devotion, and a humble and contrite heart, to Bishop Oudoceus, and to St. Dubricius, and St. Teliauus, and to the Church of Llandaff founded in honour of St. Peter, Lannenniaun, that is, Lann Oudocui, with all its dignity, | |
| King Morgan is king of Glywysing. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: L. Oudocui = Ll. Dogo, Mon. The boundary of this place is: From the Civilchi to the Stone of Oudocui, to the ridge of the Allt on the upper side, along it to the ford, as far as the Cledon. Along the ridge as far as the bottom of the Weun, to the middle of the mountain, to the Red Pool, right to the Olway. Thence from Trilech Vechan right to the White brook. | |
| [35 - 74v] Gwent Iscoed in Monmouthshire. | |
| Boundaries: Emricorva, now Chepstow. Its boundary is: The valley of Annwg on the banks of the Wye. The boundary of Llan Cynvarch = St. Kinmark is: From the other side of Pant Annwg upwards to the head of the ditch in the pant, upwards to the other pant on the shoulder towards the east, downwards as far as the Allt to the well, ? Dropping well, along its Gwver as far as the Wye. Along the Wye upwards with its wears as far as Pant Annwg on the banks of the Wye where the boundary began. | |
| 19. King Ithail (Ithel) son of Morcant (Morgan), and his sons Fernuail (Fernmail), and Mouric (Meurig), and likewise with them Gurdocius, the son and heir of Catdem, gave to God, and to St. Dubricius, and St. Teliauus, and St. Oudoceus, | |
| King Ithail (Ithel) is shown correctly as son of Morgan. His sons are Fernuail (Fernmail) and Mouric (Meurig) | The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| Bishop Berthgwyn, who was clerical witness in two charters 24 & 33 under Archbishop Oudoceus, apparently succeeded Oudoceus in the See of
Llandaff.* During his occupation of the episcopal chair twenty-six
documents received places in the collection of the Liber Landavensis. * This requires that the charters, which occurred under the "bishops" Ufelwy, Aidan, Elwystyl, Junapeius, Comereg, Arwystyl, Gwrwan, Gwyddlon, Edilfyw, and Grecielis, be moved to the front of Archbishop Oudoceus. (Follow the link to Bishop Ufelwy for a further explaination.) |
|
| [77 - 84r] Maerun | |
|---|---|
| 22. Conuilius, son of Gurceniu, bought the villa in which is the sepulchre of Gurai from King Morcant (Morgan) and his son Ithail (Ithel) and Ricceneth his son's wife. This, with assent of the King, he bestowed on the Bishop Berthguinus and his successors at Llandaff | |
| King Morgan's son Ithel has a wife called Ricceneth. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Maerun = Marshfield, Mon. The boundary: The Maen Brith to the dyke as far as the Pillou Bychein, to the Divleis, to the Drawsguern; along it as far as Penn y Wern Ddu, to Llwch Edilbiu, along the dyke to the sea. | |
| [58 - 80r] Villa Conuc | |
| 3. Conuilius, son of Gurceniu, with assent of Morcant (Morgan) and his son Ithail (Ithel), gave to Llandaff Cathedral, under its customary dedicatory appellation, the villa which contains the sepulchre of Gurai, that is Villa Conuc, with the usual privileges. The grantor, under the name of Cormil, also enjoined obedience to the altar of Llandaff, in regard to the land thus granted, by his son Conuc and his posterity; in fact, Conuc stood very much in the condition of a serf who could not leave the land named after him which he had in all probability reclaimed from its primeval wildness. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [59 - 80r] Ager Helic, and Ager Tencu, | |
| 4. The Kings Clotri and Ludguallaun had sworn perpetual friendship upon the relics placed on the altar of the Church of Garth benni, or Welsh Bicknor (Monmouth and Hereford), with penalty of self-banishment for breaking the compact. Afterwards, Clotri slew Iudguallaun, whereupon the Bishop convened a Synod at Llandaff of all the clergy from the mouth of Taratyr on the Wye to the bank of the river Tyui, or Towy, at which Clotri was excommunicated with his children and his kingdom, by stripping the holy altars, laying the crosses on the ground, and forbidding baptism and the Lord's supper to be celebrated. Clotri could not endure this excommunication, and desired Bishop Berthguinus, with the three abbots mentioned in the preceding record, to meet him at the church of Garthbenni, which they did, and enjoined obedience to his vow. This he performed, and after a long period of time he returned, and sought pardon from the Bishop by the intermediation of King Morcant (Morgan): it was granted, and by way of recompense to the Church which he had offended by his crimes, he bestowed on Llandaff Cathedral. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [67 - 82r] Cemeis | |
| 12. Given by Rotri for his soul's health, with assent of King Morcant (Morgan). The charter is a narrative of its past and future history. It proceeds to declare that after a long time Ouleu freed the land from secular service and gave it to Llandaff Church under the customary form, and to Bishop Grecielis for his (the grantor's) soul's health. Again, after an interval, Fau freed it from similar service, and gave it to Cerenhir, Bishop of Llandaff | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Cemeis Inferior, Mon. Its boundary is: From Aber Humir on the Usk along the Humir to its source. Along the Usk as far as Aber Nant Vychan as it leads upwards to the breast of the Allt towards the right to the Ardd through the Dou Civiw. Along the Ardd throughout its length to the breast of the Allt, making for the source of Nant Humir, that is Nant Merthyr, where the boundary began. | |
| [56 - 79v] The Church of Ystrat Hafren, | |
| 1. A mere statement or notification that Morcant (Morgan), son of Athruis (King Arthur), gave the church of Istrat Hafren, with an uncia, or about a hundred and eight acres of land, to God, and Saints Dubricius and Teilo, and into the hands of Bishop Berthguinus. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Ec. Ystrat Havren. Its boundary is: From the wood right on to the sea, and right on to the place of Ceuid ____The boundary of the uncia of land: From the top of the wood of Ili right on to the sea, and from Glaswern as far as Louern. | |
| [65 - 81v] Llangadwaladyr | |
| 10. granted to Llandaff Cathedral under circumstances which have given rise to much perplexity in those who have essayed to reconstruct the order of the Episcopal succession. The proem or introductory preamble shows that Guidnerth killed his brother Merchion in a quarrel, whereupon St. Oudoceus excommunicated him in a full Synod convened of the Church from the mouth of the River Guy to that of the River Tyui or Towy, the crosses placed on the ground, the bells inverted, to endure for three years. The result was, that the murderer obtained pardon on condition of performing a pilgrimage to the Archbishop of Dol in Armorica, selected on account of its ancient alliance with Llandaff, and because of the identity of the vernacular language of the two places. He returned, however, remission with sealed letters being granted to him before the expiration of the term of penance which had been imposed on him. The subsequent death of Oudoceus, and the accession of Berthguinus, whom King Morcant (Morgan) persuaded to pardon the delinquent, resulted in the gift of this site, with its privileges, including maritime liberties, as a compensation for his fratricide in consideration of his reconciliation with the Church. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Lann Catgualatyr, now Bishton, Mon. Its boundary is: From Aber Nant Alun into the marsh as the brook leads upwards to its source. From its source over the Cecn straight on at once to the top of Sychnant, (Drybrook), on another part of the Cecin. Along the Sychnant downwards as far as the pant in the wood. Along the Sychnant towards the right as it leads downwards as far as the ridge of the Allt near Cestill Dinan, ? Bishton Castle. Along the Cecin of the ridge of the Allt to Rhiw Merchiau. Along the Rhiw, slope, downwards as far as the spring of the Glyble. Along the Glyble downwards as far as the marsh. Through the marsh straight making for Hendre Merchitir. From the Hendre to the Dead Pools, westwards along the Cecin of Cethin through the marsh as far as Lontre Tunbwlch. From the Lontre of Tunbwlch straight through the marsh as far as Aber Nant Alun, where the boundary began. | |
| [81 - 85v] Merthyr Clitauc. | |
| 26. Ithail (Ithel), son of Morcant (Morgan) King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), with assent of his sons and heirs Fernuail (Fernmail) and Mouric (Meurig), and Freudur and his heirs, dedicated to God, the Saints Dubricius, Teliauus, Oudoceus, Clitaucus the martyr, and Bishop Berthguinus and his successors at Llandaff | |
| Ithel is shown as King of Glywysing, therefore his father Morgan has died. The sons and heirs of Ithel are Fernmail and Meurig. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Merthir Clitauc = Clodock, Her. Its boundary is: The stone in the Weun Vraith on the Cecin, N. end of Hatteral Hill, along it to Rhiw Gwrw, to the stone on the Cecin of the Allt, along the Cecin, the ridge of the Brec. Black Mountain, upwards as far as the stones opposite to Nant Trineint, the Turnant, along it downwards as far as into the Olchon, along it, the Olchon, downwards as far as Ynys Alarun at its top end, to the Maen Tyllog to the Crug, to the other Crug, to the Monnow, across the Monnow to Aber Nant Cwm Cinreith, the Nant throughout its length as far Mynydd Ferddun (Ferddun's Hill, which in English has been transformed into Money Farthing Hill) above the Allt, along Mynydd Ferddun, to the Loch of Ferddun, along the mountain to the source of the Hilin, along the Hilin as far as the Monnow. Along the Monnow downwards as far as Aber Ffynnon Bist, along Ffynnon Bist as far as its source. From its source to the Cecin straight upwards making for the Weun Vraith on the Cecin of the mountain, as far as the stone, where the boundary began. | |
| [57 - 80r] Grant of Ilias son of Ithael | |
| 2. Ilias gave land, to Llandaff under the usual designation of dedication, at Aper Mynuy, with assent of Ithail (Ithel) and his sons Fernuail (Fernmail) and Mouric (Meurig), with the usual liberties appurtenant. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [63 - 81r] Cwn Cerruc. | |
| 8. King Iuthail, son of Morcant (Morgan), and his sons, Fernuail (Fernmail) and Mouric (Meurig), to the See. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [71 - 83r] Grant of Ilias son of Morlas | |
| 16. Iias for his soul and the inscription of his name in the Book of Life, gave a mansion and land withe approval of King Ithael and his sons Ffernwael (Fernmail) and Meurig to St. Dubricius, St. Teilo and St. Oudoceus in the hand fo Bishop Bethgwyn. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [64 - 81r] Gwenti Uch Coit | |
| 9. King Ithail (Ithel) confirmed Aper Menei to the See which had previously been granted by King Morcant (Morgan), with the usual privileges. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [66 - 82r] Church of Tituuc on the banks of the Wye | |
| 11. Iudhail gave the podum Henllan to God and the three Saints of Llandaff, into the hand of Bishop Berthguinus This was given by King Ithail (Ithel) and Mouric (Meurig). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [60 - 80v] Grant of Cynfls son of Iago | |
| 5. Conblus, son of laco, dedicated land. This was done in the Church of Garthbenni. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [68 - 82v] Villa of Judbiu | |
| 13. Mabsu gave to Llandaff and Bishop Berthguinus | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [69 - 82v] Gwrmarch | |
| 14. Riataf, or Rhiaddaa, land thus named from Guedcui and Conuin, sons of Clodri, for twenty-four [cows] a Saxon woman, probably a female serf attached to the land, a precious sword, and a powerful horse, with assent of King Ithail (Ithel), in whose presence and in the presence of the noble seniors of Ercycg (Ergyng) the property was gifted, with the usual concomitant privileges, to the Bishop of Llandaff | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [70 - 83r] Villa Nis | |
| 15. To the Cathedral, Conuor, son of lacob, had slain Catgen, and expiated his crime by making over to Ilias, son of Morglas, and brother of the said Catgen, this villa, an extent of an tincia 108 acres the lawful price for the homicide. Afterwards Conuor and Ilias, for the soul's health of the dead man, gave the property to Llandaff | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [73 - 83v] Pennhellei | |
| 18. Elfin granted to Llandaff | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [74 - 83v] Tull Coit in Bella Aqua | |
| 19. The " tollcoit" of the preceding charter was granted by Elfin, a lay witness to that deed, under the name of Estrat Agcr with consent of King Iudhalus. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [75 - 83v] Machynys | |
| 20. Passed into possession of Llandaff Cathedral by way of expiation for infraction of the rules of marriage by Gurcan, who ruled after the death of his father Guinan. He had been excommunicated by Bishop Berthguinus in full Synod of clergy from the mouth of the Taratyr to that of the Tyui or Towy, with ceremony of crosses, holy relics, and inverted bells, " versis cimbalis," laid on the ground. King Ithail (Ithel) interceded for the offender, who put away his stepmother, took the daughter of Elfin for his proper wife, and land to the Bishop and his successors at Llandaff for ever, St. Peter is included here | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [76 - 84r] Villa Bertus. | |
| 21. Declares that King Ithail (Ithel), in the presence of Mouric (Meurig) and the elders of Gleuissicg (Glywysing) to Bishop Berthguinus and his successors for ever, for his soul's health, to God and Saints Dubricius, Teliauus, Oudoceus, and Deuius or Deui, that is, St. David. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [72 - 83r] Lann Tissol | |
| 17. A grant by Conhae of his own inheritance, the podium or mansion of Saint Tisol, an alumnus of St. Dubricius, which had formerly belonged to St. Dubricius himself, with the usual conventionalities free into the hand of Bishop Bertguinus | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Lann Tyssoi = Ll. Soy, Mon. Its boundary is: Between the wood and the plain, and between the Olway rivulet and the Pill. And on the other side. From the Olway as far as the Pill towards the east. From Aber Ceninuc on the Olway along the Ceninuc upwards as far as the influx of the Ffynnon. Along the Ffynnon to its source. From the source along the pant downwards as far as the Pill. Along the Pill as far as Nant Murn, along the Murn as far as its source, as far as Caer Enwin. From Tollcoit near the Gaer as far as the head of Llwch Cinahi, as it leads downwards as far as Maen Cinahi, as far as the Olway. Along the Olway as far as Aber Ceninnuc, where the boundary began. | |
| [61 - 81r] Villa Strat. | |
| 6. Elfin gave to the See. | |
| [62 - 81r] Villa Guinnonui | |
| 7. King Ithail (Ithel) and Iddon, hereditary son of Ceriau, to the See | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [78 - 84v] Guennonoe (Gwenonwy - sister of Arthur who married Gwyndaf Hen) | |
| 23. Iudon, son of Ceriau, bought near the marsh of Mouric (Meurig), of Ithail (Ithel), King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), and his sons Fernuail (Fernmail), Mouric (Meurig), and Rotri, which formerly belonged to St. Dubricius, to Bishop Berthguinus | |
| Ithel has a third son Rotri and another named Ris (Rhys) (confirmed in charter 93). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: juxta paludem Mouric (between Pwll Meurig and Mouton | [80 - 85r] Grant of Clydawg and Gwrwan |
| 25. Narrative of the Martyrdom of King Clitauc:
The circumstances attending the foundation of the Oratory or Church of
Clodock: King Chtauc, son of Chtguin or Clydwyn, murdered by one of his
companions near the river Mingui or Mynwy, jealous of a noble's
daughter who aspired to the King's hand. The royal funeral procession
had to pass a ford over the river, but it was found impossible to move
the body from a certain part of the water where it stood fast; there
the sepulture took place, a column of fire was beheld on the tomb on
the following night, and on the advice of the Bishop of Llandaff an
oratory was built on the spot and consecrated. Some time afterwards two brothers, Lybiau and Guruann and their sister's son Cinuur, came from the region of Pennichenn, abandoning their native place on account of a quarrel and intending to lead a hermitical and solitary life at the place where the body of this martyr rested |
|
| [82 - 86r] Grant of Ithael son of Eddilwyrth | |
| Ithail (Ithel), son of Ediluirth, and a man of power in
Eugias or Ewyas, with his wife went one Sunday to church at St.
Clitauc's, and on his way in a meadow on the bank of the Mingui by
instigation of the devil fell into a fault for the expiation of which
he instructed his companions to proceed to the sepulchre of the martyr
Clitaucus, and on his behalf place upon the altar probably by means of
a small piece of the turf from the spot that meadow which he had
unjustly taken away from it by force, placing their hands together as a
surety, the four gospels being placed upon them, to be free of all
service except daily prayer and services for his soul's health, that by
the intercession of the martyr and the prayer of the clergy he might be
delivered from the consequence of his fault. This was done without
delay, and he was restored before all the people. What he had
accomplished at first by his messengers, the same he ratified himself,
placing his own hands on the altar of the martyr, the holy gospels
being set before them, and with approval of the Kings of Morcanhuc (Morgannwg) and
the princes, free for ever to the Saints of old, Dubricius, Teliauus
and Oudoceus, and to the martyr Clitaucus, and the bishops of Llandaff.
An addendum is record of the gift of Lechluit by the sons of Cinbleidiou to the martyr Clitaucus, or Clydawg, and the Church of Llandaff. |
|
| Bishop Trychan appears as a clerical witness under Bishop Berthgwyn with the name Turchan in Charters 69,71, 72, and 75. | |
| [94 - 88v] Village Procluui, that is Tref Ceiauc | |
|---|---|
| 12. Conuil, son of Gurgeni, with his son Gurniuet, bought the villa from Ithailus (Ithel), King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), son of Morcant (Morgan). With assent of the King he granted it after purchase, in honour of his sepulture, a phrase signifying that it had been agreed between the parties that he should be interred in the Cathedral cemetery, to the triple band of tutelary saints, into the hand of Bishop Trichan | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [90 - 87v]Villa Ellgnou in Guorinid. | |
| 8. Conuc, son of Coniiil, bought the Villa of Breican from King Ithailus (Ithel), son of Morcant (Morgan), which is otherwise called the Villa of Ellgnou. He granted it, with assent of King Ithailus (Ithel), in alms to God and the triad of guardian saints into the hand of Bishop Tirchanus. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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Boundaries:
 (kml) Ec. Gurthebiriuc, I.E. L. Gunguarui = Wonwarrowstow, now Wonastow, Mon. Its boundary is: The ' ford' ' on the Trothy. Along the high road upwards as far as the Ash-tree. From the Ash-tree across the road, straight to the Thornbush between the two lands, to the spring of Cwm Cedwin, along it as far as the road, across the road as far as Nant y Meneich, (the Monks' brook), along it as far as the Trothy. Along the Trothy upwards as far as the ford on the Trothy, where the boundary began. | |
| [89 - 87v] Gurthebiruid Lann Gungarui on Trothy | |
| 7. Confur, son of lacoi, bought the Church. Thus purchased, he gave the land free from all service, and with consent of King Fernuail (Fernmail), to God, St. Peter, and the guardian three, and into the hand of Bishop Trychan and all the bishops of Llandaff | |
| King Ithel must have died; succession is to King Fernmail, Ithel's oldest son . Gurthebiruid is derived from land of Gwerthefyr (Vortimer). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Same as [90 - 87v] above. (kml) | |
| [97 - 89v] Brynn Lyguni and Mathenni. | |
| 2. King Fernuail (Fernmail), son of Ithail (Ithel), endowed Ceincair, his wife, with a serf named Crin, son of Morciuanv, together with land at On obtaining possession of this property, with its inhabitants and their offspring, the royal lady declared, with consent of the King, " I dedicate them to God, St. Peter, and the Saints" of Llandaff into the hand of Bishop Catguaret. | |
| King Fermail, son of Ithel, has a wife named Ceincair. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [91 - 88r] Villa Tancuor. Villa Deui. Villa Iliman. | |
| 9. Bricon, son of Guincon, bought land from Fernuail (Fernmail) and his sons Mouricus (Meurig) and Gurcant (Gwrgant) consented to by King Fernuail (Fernmail), given to God and the three tutelary saints into the hand of Bishop Tirchanus | |
| Fernmail's sons are Meurig and Gwrgant. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [85 - 86v] Land of Dimuner | |
| 3. Fernuail (Fernmail) granted land in presence of the elders of Guent (Gwent) and Ercicg (Ergyng), to God and the three tutelary saints of Llandaff Cathedral, and into the hand of Bishop Trychan | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [86 - 87r] Merthyr Tecmed | |
| 4. Brii, son of Iudbiu, or, Brug, son of Gwyddbwys, gave for his soul's health, to God and the three guardian saints, into the hand of Bishop Trican, with assent of Ceretic and Iodic, the sons of Riderch (Rhydderch), and consent of his family | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [88 - 87r] Hen Lenhic. Lann Guern in Ercicg (Ergyng). | |
| 6. This is a record that Catuuth, son of Coffro, gave with assent of King Fernuail (Fernmail), in perpetual consecration of the Cross of Christ and to the triad of tutelary saints of Llandaff, into the hand of Bishop Trychan | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [83 - 86v] Village of Elcon | |
| 1. A site was given free for ever to the church of Llandafif by Erbic son of Elfin in to Bishop Trychan as alms to God, St. Peter and the three tutelary Saints of the Cathedral. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [84 - 86v] Villa Cathouen, | |
| 2. Erbic gave to the Church of Llandaff in the usual formulation, and into the hands of Bishop Trychan | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| Addendum beginning "Long afterwards" has been moved to its appropriate place under Bishop Cerennhirus | |
| [92 - 88r] Turion | |
| 10. Matoc, son of Guinan, bought land from Fernuail (Fernmail), son of Ithailus (Ithel), in the presence of his sons Mouric (Meurig) and Gurcant (Gwrgant), by consent of the King and his said sons, to God and the three tutelary saints, and into the hand of Bishop Tirchanus | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [93 - 88v] Strat Elei | |
| 11. Cors, son of Gabran, granted land into the hands of Bishop Trychan by assent of King Mouric (Meurig) and Ris (Rhys), the sons of Ithail (Ithel), King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), . | |
| King Fernmail has been mortally wounded at the Battle of Deorham (567) (see Charter [79 - 84v]; succession is to King Meurig, Ithel's second son. Fernmail's brother is Rhys. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [87a - 87r] Church of Trylec Lann Mainuon. | |
| 5a. "Let us thank God that King Fernuail (Fernmail), in contrition, bestowed as alms on the tutelary saints of Llandaff and into the hand of Bishop Trichan and his successors in the See. King Fernuail (Fernmail), in his court held in the midst of Cemeis, on the outflow of the rivulet Humir or Gamber, in Herefordshire, quitclaimed the gift from all secular service, excepting only prayer. As King Fernmail is dieing, the "Thanks be to God" expression is used. | |
| This is the first half of a double charter which I believe because represents the place were there were missing pages. However, instead of recognizing that the second part of this charter belonged to a later time, he just combined since on his bishop list Bishop Cerennhir was next after Bishop Trichan. It should correctly have been two separate charters between these bishops. (See Charter 87b | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [79 - 84v] Cum Barruc, Conubia, Colcuch, Lanncerniu | |
| 24. This charter records that the reigns of Telpaldus and
Ithailus (Ithel), Kings of Brittania, that is, Wales, were occupied in strife
and war with the Saxons on the borders and in England towards Hereford,
and even beyond the borders, and especially about the river Guy or Wye,
where conflicts by day and by night were frequent. (This was most likely due to the disasterous defeat at the Battle of Deorham contained in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle "A.D. 577: This year Cuthwin and Ceawlin fought with the Britons, and slew three kings, Commail, and Condida, and Farinmail (Fernmail son of Ithel), on the spot that is called Derham (Deorham), and took from them three cities Glevum (Gloucester), Corinium (Cirencester) and Aquae Sulis (Bath)." This led to raids over the Severn into Ergyng.) After a time peace was restored, but depopulation and pestilence followed in the train of the conflicts. Then King Ithail (Ithel) (more likely his sons) brought about the restoration of the land to its proper owners and replaced Bishop Berthguinus (probably Trychan) in possession of the lands of his See, as they had been held in time of Archbishop Dubricius. |
|
| Boundaries: (1) Cum Barruc, 3 uncias of land that is Cenubia [42 - 76r] (2) Colcuch, 3 uncias of land, Cenubia Cornubium, that is Lann Cerniu on the banks of the Dore [2 - 49r] (3) the mansion of Mafurn granted by Kings Cynfyn [41 - 76r], Athruis [45 - 76v], and Brithgon [53 - 78v] (4) Llan Guorboe or Llanwarow, granted by King Gwrfodw [40 - 75v] and then Athruis [45 - 76v] (5) Lann Junabui or Llandinabo granted by Pebiau [3 - 49v] and Athruis [45 - 76v] (6) Llandeui Mochros or Moccas - Name of a parish, the church of which is on the south bank of the Wye, 9.5 miles WNW from Hereford (kml) (7) Lann Tissol or Llanebrdil or Llanardil, near the town of Usk, granted by King Ithael [72 - 83r] (8) Bolgros given by King Gwrfodw to Bishop Ufelwy [39 - 75v] (9) Lanloudeu or Llanlouden Lanlody Herefordshire, [43 - 76r] (10) Llangaran or Llangarran, a parish in Herefordshire, the church is situated 5 miles SW from Ross.(kml) | |
| There is a "Catguaret" on the clerical witness list under Bishop Trychan in Charters 86, 90, 93, and 94 and once he is shown as the Bishop in Charter 97and in Charter 106 & Charter 107 under Cerenhir. His bishop appearance must have been as acting Bishop for Trychan. Those for Cerenhir must be mistakes or maybe he is the son of Catguaret. Of Catguaret's nine charters two: 98 and 101 concerning Arthur II needed to be reassigned to Cerenhir as Arthur II logically belongs after the gap. | |
| [106 - 91v] Villa Gulible. | |
|---|---|
| 2. During the reign of Mouric (Meurig), King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), son of Ithail (Ithel). Ili, son of Conblus, and Camauc met together at the monastery of Llandaff, and in presence of Bishop Cerenhirus and his clergy, confirmed their peace upon the altar of St. Peter and the three Saints of that Church, with the holy Gospels and relics set before them. Afterwards, by diabolical instigation, Ili, a member of Antichrist, treacherously killed Camauc, whereupon Bishop Cerenhir, to whose ears the news of the crime had come, convoked a Synod of all his clergy between the mouths of the Taratir on the Guy and of Tiui, at Llandaff, where he excommunicated the offender out of the pale of Christendom with ceremonies such as those already mentioned in the earlier charters. But Ili could not endure this for long, and with bared feet and copious shedding of tears, he besought pardon and remission, standing in the midst of the church, and promised to amend by fasting, prayer, and alms. So, with approbation of King Mouric (Meurig), he granted for his soul's health, to God and the three Saints of Llandaff into the hand of the Bishop, for him and his successors for ever, the villa | |
| This charter fits here rather than its location under Bishop Cerenhir, on the other side of the gap, as it refers to King Meurig, King of Glywysing, son of Ithel. The use of abbot of St. Catoc, Ildutus, and Docunni is an old form that fits more into this time and also there is a Catguaret clerical witness. The complier has noted Nud in the clerical witness list and confused the Meurigs. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [100 - 90r] Louhai | |
| 5. Was bought by Convelin, son of Conuc, from King Rotri, son of Ithail (Ithel), into the hand of Bishop Catguaret | |
| King Meurig must have died; succession is to King Rotri, the third son of King Ithel. This charter has some very significant witnesses as: of the clergy there is St. Samson and possibly a very old Dubricius (Dubric) and of the laity Mailcon could be Maelgwn Gwynedd. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Louhai, now Tintern Parva, Mon. Its boundary is: The mouth of the Cat (Battle) Brook on the Wye, along it upwards till opposite to Drec Din-dirn, to the Allt upwards to Drec Din-dim. From Drec Din-dirn downwards to the Wye. Along the Wye with its wears as far as the mouth of the Cat Brook where the boundary began. | |
| [102 - 90v] Din Birrion. | |
| 7. In this short charter Cinuelin, son of Conuc, who had already granted Louhai, grants land to these Cambro-British diplomata. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
|
| [103 - 90v]Guerudic | |
| 8. King Ris (Rhys) grants for his soul's health land. | |
| King Rotri must have died; succession is to King Rhys, Ithel's fourth son, King of Glywysing. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [99 - 89r] Guinna | |
| 4. Ris (Rhys), King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), son of Ithail (Ithel), together with his heir Domnguaret, consecrated land to God and the three Saints of Llandaff into the hand of Bishop Catguaret | |
| King Rhys is shown to be King of Glywysing. His son and heir is Domnguaret. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [104 - 90v] Merthyrmaches. | |
| 9. Son of Erbic, penitent for his misdeeds, desiring divine pardon by intercession of the saintly triad of Llandaff, and indulgence and remission of his sins from Bishop Catguaret by assent of King Gurgauarnus, son of Fernmail. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | [96 - 89r] The Church of Mamouric, that is, Lann Vuein. |
| 1. Gabran, son of Cors, granted into the hand of this Bishop, for himself and his successors at Llandaff for ever, the Church by consent of King Gurgauarn (Gwrgant), son of Fernuail (Fernmail). | |
| King Rhys must have died; succession is now to King Gwrgant, the son of Ithel's first son, King Fernmail. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Ec. Mamouric = Lann Uvien, now ? Ll. Goven, Mon. Its boundary is: From the high road to the source of the Betguos. Along the Betguos, along the pant downwards as far as the Ceir, downwards as far as the influx of the Gwver. Along it upwards towards the east to the spring of the Gwver in the middle of Ynys Cein. From the spring of the Gwver upwards to the wood. Through the wood till you are above the Allt. From the Allt downwards to Nant Cein. Along it as far as opposite, in a southerly direction, to the Llech Velen above the Allt. From the Llech along the Cecin as far as the Maen-dy, stone-house. From the Maen-dy downwards to the pant, to Nant Sulcein. Along the Sulcein as far as the Ceir. Through the Ceir to the breast, straight to the Allt upwards towards the north to the Gwver of the spring of Laguernnuc, along it straight upwards to the Apple-tree. From the Apple-tree to the great wood. Along the wood towards the east to Messur Pridwen. From Messur Pridwen along the high road upwards as far as opposite to the head of the Betgues on the right side, where the boundary began. | |
| [95 - 88v] Lann Helicon. | |
| 13. Elivid, Conon, Guoidcen, and Erdtibiu, sons of Euguen, with assent of King Brochuailus (Brochmail) granted a church to God and the triad of tutelary saints of Llandaff into the hand of Bishop Tirchanus (should have been assigned to Catguaret). | |
| King Gwrgant, the son of King Fernmail, son of Ithel, has died and the rulership goes to Brochmail, son of Meurig, son of Ithel. | |
| The clerical witness list for this next charter must have been unreadable as the complier has thrown in the bogus Sulgen, Abbot of Caruani Vallis, Saturnus, Abbot of Docunni, Gurhaual, Abbot of Ildutus that were used in Oudoceus' time. The addition of "the bishop perambulating the complete bounds" must have been added to increase the validity of this damaged charter. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| The Bishop perambulated the complete bounds of the land with a holy cross borne before him, accompanied by the ringing of bells, and sprinkling of holy water, and pronounced the clauses of blessing and anathema after the accustomed formula which concludes the charter. | |
| [101 - 90r] Cair Riou | |
|---|---|
| 6. King Athruis (Arthur), son of Fernuail (Fernmail), gave land to the See. | |
| Here is King Arthur II, son of Fernmail, a descendant of the real King Arthur. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
Boundaries: Lanfaenor Cariou
 | |
| [98 - 89r] Mathenni. | |
| 3. Mathenni, bestowed on Llandaff in the terms of the preceding charter, was afterwards wrested by lay influence from the See, but Bishop Catguaret constantly claimed it, and eventually Morcimris, that he might not fall under the sentence of excommunication pronounced against him and others who unjustly occupied it, restored with consent of King Athruis (Arthur) | |
| There clerical witness list is suspiciously missing and Bishop Catguaret is clearly a mistake as it needed to be Bishop Cerennhir. | |
Lay witnesses: (for King Arthrius) (Arthur II)
|
|
| Boundaries: Mathenni = Ll. Denny, Mon. Its boundary is: From the spring of the Diuguinidd, Dywenydd, along the Gwver as far as the Henbont. Along the Henbont downwards as far as the Wilca. Along the Wilca upwards as far as opposite to the pant on the right side. Along the pant towards the west as far as opposite to the stones, to the Nant, along the pant downwards to the spring of the Dywenydd, where the boundary began. | |
| [87b - 87r] Church of Trylec Lann Mainuon. | |
| 5b. This the second part of Charter 87 above. Mouricus (Meurig), son of Arthuail,
released this church from lay power, before his sons Brochuail (Brochmail) and
Fernuail (Fernmail), and delivered it free to the saints and Church of Llandaff
and Bishop Cerennhirus for ever. (This is the proof that there are missing charters because the earlier Meurig would have been Meurig, son of Ithel son of Morgan son of King Arthur.) |
|
| King Meuric is the son of King Arthur II. His sons are Brochmail and Fernmail, sons of Meurig, son of Arthur. This is corroborated by Asser's Life of King Alfred where it says that "Brochmail and Fernmail, sons of Meuric, Kings of Gwent", sought protection and friendship with King Alfred (871 to 899) from Rotri's six sons. | |
The witnesses of this delivery are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [108 - 92r] Villa Penn Onn and Sant Tylull. | |
| 4. Aguod, son of louaf, came one day to the door of the church, and there was a quarrel between his party and the Bishop's. He threw stones at the door, and then fled away under an anathema unless the misdoers repented. Some few days afterwards he came and begged for pardon, penitently bestowing, with assent of Mouric (Meurig), King of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), the Villa on the three Saints and Confessors tutelary of Llandaff, and on Bishop Cerenhirus | |
| King Meurig is shown as king of Morgannwg. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: St. Tylull = ? St. Y Nyl, St. Bride's Super Ely. Its boundary is: From the valley of Brachan along the high road as far as the spring; from the spring following the high road as far as the ford on the Dulas. On the west side of Nant Brachan along the ditch, following it straight to the other ditch, along it as far as Rhiw Guorgued. From the Rhiw in a straight line to the head of the dyke. Along the dyke to the ascent as far as the Cecin. From the Cecin as far as Brynn Hinnin (ash trees) Hitian as far as Dulas. | |
| [115 - 95r] The Martyrs of Julius; Aaron | |
| 1. The opening narrative or preamble shows how Gulfert, Hegoi, and Arguistil, sons of Beli, and their kindred, quarrelled with and eventually fought the family of Bishop Nudd, who at the time was living at Lanngarth or Llanarth, in Monmouthshire, but peace was finally made between the parties, and the sons of Beli restored to the See all the territory of the Saints and Martyrs, Julius and Aaron, which formerly belonged to St. Dubricius, to be the proper seat of the Bishop of Llandaff. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Merthir Julii & Aaron, now St. Julien's, near Chepstow. Its boundary is: The head of the dyke on the Usk, along the dyke to the breast of the hill, along the dyke to the source of Nant Merthyr, that is Amir. From its source to the pant, upwards as far as the source of Nant Lleche. Along the Lleche downwards as far as the mouth of the pant on the right side, Along the pant upwards as far as its head, to the dyke, along it towards the West to the shoulder of the Allt, to the source of Nant Bedd yr Alltudjon, along the Nant to the Usk. Along the Usk with its wears as far as the head of the dyke where the boundary began. | |
| [107 - 92r] Lann Culan. | |
| 3. Cinvin (Cynfyn), son of Gurcant (Gwrgant), bestowed the place called upon Bishop Cerenhirus and his successors at Llandaff, with assent of King Brochmail, son of Mouric (Meurig) | |
| Brochmail, son of Meurig, is now King. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| (Also the Bishop of St. David's (Minevia), his death is recorded in Brenhinedd y Saesson on 840 AD and he is mentioned in Asser's Life of King Alfred.) No charters appear to have been attested by Bishop Nobis. But the Book of St. Chad, a very ancient MS. in Lichfield Cathedral, preserves some contemporary references to him. |
| The complier of the charters appears to have misplaced Bishop Pater here, but consenus opinion is that he belongs later. Gulfrid has three charters are recorded. | |
| [112 - 94r] Tremicarn Pont | |
|---|---|
| 1. Loumarch, son of Catguocaun (Cadwgan), Eicolf, son of Cinhor, with all his property, furniture, and cattle. Thereupon Bishop Gulbrit convened a Synod of all his diocesan clergy within the accustomed limits, at Lannoudocui, whereats Loumarch petitioned for pardon, kneeling and weeping before the Bishop and relics, crosses, and bells, promising to abide the canonical judgment on his misdeed. He was pardoned, and bestowed on the Church Treficarn Pont, near Abercarn, in the parish of Mynyddyslwyn, with three modti of land, into the hand of the Bishop and all his successors for ever, with its liberty and commons, with assent of Cadell, King of Guent (Gwent), son of Arthmail (Arthur). | |
| King Cadell, King of Gwent, is the son of Arthur II. Since he is not mentioned with Brochmail and Fernmail, it is quite possible that the kingdom has been divided into Gwent and Morgannwg | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [113 - 94v] Villa Segan. | |
| 2. In this charter notice is made to all Christians, and especially those of the right-hand part, or south of Britain, that Asser, son of Marchiud, by treachery slew Gulagguin, and to make amends to the family and his peace with God, he and his father Marchiud, in alms for the soul's health of the slain man, granted the Villa to God and St. Peter, and the triad of Llandaff Saints, into the hand of Bishop Gulfridus by order and consent of King Catellus (Cadell), son of Arthuail (Arthur). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: | |
| [114 - 94v] Tref Ret, next Merthyr Minor in Marcan | |
| 3. A simple grant by King Catguocaun (Cadwgan), son of Ouein (Owain), for the soul's health, of himself, his father to Bishop Gulfrid, | |
| King Cadwgan is the son of Owain. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| Nudd was previously on the clerical witness of Cerennhir. He has nine charters, however the first needs to be placed earlier under Bishop Cerenhir. | |
| [116 - 95v] Cair Duicil. | |
|---|---|
| 2. Engistil, a rich but stony-hearted man, sick and burdened with his sins, turned to the Lord, obtained remission of them from Bishop Nud by intercession of the three Saints of Llandaff, with consent of King Hiuel (Hywel), son of Ris (Rhys). | |
| Here we find King Hiuel (Hywel), son of Ris (Rhys) corroborated also with Asser's Life of King Alfred where it says that "Hywel, son of Rhys, King of Glywysing", sought protection and friendship with King Alfred (871 to 899) from Rotri's six sons. Since Brochmail and Fernmail are contemporary with Hywel, it would appear that another division has been made to Ithel, son of Arthur into Glywysing. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [117 - 95v] Villa Eliau. | |
| 3. Eliav, son of Acheru, granted land to the three Saints of Llandaff, Bishop Nud | |
Witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [118 - 95v] Church of Dincat. | |
| 4. Tutmap the penitent, in exchange for a celestial realm, granted to God, St. Peter, the triad of Llandaff Saints and into the hand of Bishop Nud with assent of King Hiuel (Hywel), son of Ris (Rhys). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Ec. Dincat = Dingestow, Mon. Its boundary is: Aber Camffrwd on the Trothy as it leads upwards as far as the ditch, to the right along the ditch transversely to the Nant, along it downwards as far as the spring of Ffynnon y Clevjon, (the well of the sick), across the ditch and across the Cecin as far as Nant y Bwch. Along the Nant as far as the ditch to the left, making for the Trothy. Along the little brook to the Trothy, to Rhyd Iguein, (Owen's ford), on the Trothy. Across the Trothy, along the ditch upwards, along the Nant to its source. From its source over the Cecin to the source of another Nant, along the Nant throughout its length to Aber Henlas. Along the Henlas as far as the Trothy, upwards as far as Aber Camffrwd, where the boundary began. | |
| [119 - 96r] Church of Gueithirin. | |
| 5. Cors and Moriud bestowed the Church of Gueithirin with assent of King Hiuel (Hywel), under the usual formula to Bishop Nud | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Ec. Gueithirin=Ll. Vetherin, Mon. From Aber Pwll Lyfann on the Trothy, along the Gwver of the Pwll straight to its source. From the source straight over the Cecin as far as the Cinluin. Along the Cinluin upwards as far as the boundary of Trev Pedyr in the pant to the right. Along the pant as far as the Garn Lydan above the Allt, the Arwellt. From the Garn Lydan, to the right, straight down as far as Rhyd yr Ewig, (the hind's ford), on the Atgueddog. From the ford straight over the Cecin to the right as far as the spring of Colwyn. Along the Colwyn downwards as far as the wood. From, the wood to the Crug. From the Crug along the wood as far as Trothy, to the ford. From the ford, as the Trothy leads downwards, as far as Pwll Lifan, where the boundary began. | |
| [120 - 96r] Pencriec in Ergyng | |
| 6. After a long time King Hiuel (Hywel), son of Ris (Rhys), gave for the soul's health of himself and of his relatives and friends Penncreic with all its land and liberty to the three Saints, and Bishop Nud, and all the Bishops of Llandaff for ever | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [121 - 96v] Ystrad Hafren | |
| 7. After a while King Hiuel (Hywel), son of Ris (Rhys), gave back to the Church the Church to the See in the days of Bishop Berthguinus by King Morcant (Morgan), son of Athruis (King Arthur), and this restitution is that the site shall be as free as in the time of its original grant by Morcant (Morgan), which records a prior invasion and restitution by King Ithail (Ithel). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [122 - 96v] Church of Rhiw | |
| 8. Guorai, son of Iudic, restored to the Church after the usual formula the Church of Riu, with three modii of land about it, which had formerly belonged to the See in the time of St. Dubricius, Archbishop of South Britain, dextralis Britannia, into the hand of Bishop Nud for all the Bishops of Llandaff. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [123 - 96v] Villa Branuc | |
| 9. Abraham, of South Britain, in this charter notifies all the inhabitants of that region that he has granted after the usual terms into the hand of Bishop Nud and for all his successors in Llandaff for ever, the Villa | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| (or Cimelian (873-917/927) Ciueilliauc would be the next bishop. He was assigned nine charters of the date of this prelate are contained in the Liber Landavensis. | |
| [124 - 97r] Lann Meiripenn Ros. | |
|---|---|
| 1. Brochmail, son of Mouric (Meurig), gave for his soul's health the Church of St. Mary dedicated to his virgin daughter on her taking the veil, that she should live thereon until her death. But she was deceived by temptation of the evil one, and led astray by Etgar, son of Leui, and died in giving birth to a son. Subsequently a dispute arose about that church and land between Biochuail and Bishop Ciuelliauc, and the clergy and learned men who lived between the Tyui and the Guy came together to adjudicate on the matter in a Synod, wherein the judgment of the clergy was given in favour of the Bishop and Church of Llandaff for ever, and Brocuail on oath confirmed the church and land, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [125 - 97r] Tir Cynir | |
| 2. Nud, son of Gurcinnif, for his soul's health, bestowed the arable land ointo the hand of Bishop Ciueilliauc and all the Bishops of Llandaff with consent of Brochmail, son of Mouric (Meurig). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [126 - 97v] Tref Lili. | |
| 3. Eiset Yr Simus dedicated this site into the hand of Bishop Ciueilliauc and all the pastors of Llandaff, with consent of Brochmail, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [127 - 97v] Tref Peren that is Lannmihangel Mawr | |
| 4. Discord is declared to have arisen between the family of Bishop Ciueilliauc and Brochuail (Brochmail), son of Mouric (Meurig), at Llandaff, and the Bishop convened all his clergy, even those of the lower orders, throughout the diocese, at a Synod, wherein he desired to excommunicate Brochuail (Brochmail), who had insulted him with all his kindred in presence of all the people, as the result of his fault. Brochuail (Brochmail) thereupon petitioned for pardon and indulgence, and the Synod decreed to the Bishop the quantity of the length and breadth of his face in pure gold, to be paid by the offenders and fitting emendations to the Bishop's kindred. This King Brochuail (Brochmail) could not do, so he redeemed the fine by granting to the Church of Llandaff, after the usual formula, into the hand of the Bishop and his successors for ever, the Villa | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [128 - 98r] Yscuit Cyst | |
| 5. Brochuail (Brochmail), son of Mouric (Meurig), for the health of the souls of himself and his father, gave, under the usual formula, into the hand of Bishop Cimeilliauc with its fishing wears in the Severn and in Mouric (Meurig), on both sides of the bank, with all its liberty and common right throughout the whole district of Guent (Gwent); with free approach of vessels to the mouth of Pull Mouric (Meurig); and with shipwreck on the whole boundary of that land and sea and things so brought to the shore; free for ever to the pastors of Llandaff. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [129 - 98r] Village of Cyuyu | |
| 6. March, son of Pepiau, for his soul's health, gave the Vill of Cyuiu, being three modn of land, and a member of the cultivated land of Merthir Teudiric, with all its conventional liberty, to the Church of Llandaff and Bishop Cimeilliauc and all his successors, in obedience to a penance enjoined on him and pardon for homicide of his kinsman Bortulf. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [130 - 98v] Conscuit Castle; Church of St Bidget together. | |
| 7. In this charter King Brochmail, son of Mouric (Meurig), himself granted and restored two churches for the redemption of his soul, into the hand of Bishop Cimeilliauc and his successors at Llandaff, | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Castell Conscuit & Ec. Sant Breit, now Caldicot Castle & Church, Mon. Their boundary is: Aper Taroci, Caldicot Pill, as the Troggy leads along upwards as far as the pant. As the pant leads through the middle upwards to its top, to the Crug in the boundary of Trev Peren. To the right to the other Crug. From the Crug to the boundary cairns of Trev Peren. From cairn to cairn downwards to the sea. Along the Severn Sea with its wears and windings with a free mooring for ships at the mouth of the Troggy where the boundary began. | |
| [131 - 98v] Grant of King Hywel | |
| 8. In this charter we have formal record of the royal grant by King Huigel (Hywel), son of Ris (Rhys), to Bishop Cimeilliauc and his successors at Llandaff of two serfs, Ermint and Catharuc, sons of Cremic, with all their property, rights, and offspring for ever, in perpetual servitude to the Church. This was made for the soul's health of the King's wife Leucu, and of his sons Yuein (Owain) and Arthuail (Arthur), and of the Ermithridh and Nest apparently old forms of the later female names Ermentrude and Nesta the King's daughters thus mentioned in order after his sons. | |
| King Hywel's wife is Leucu and he has two sons Yuein (Owain) and Arthuall (Arthur III). (Owain is governed by Athelstan, the grandson of Alfred the Great (Anglo-Saxon Chronicles year 926). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [105 - 91r] Merthir Buceil, Merthirmimor, and Tir Collov. | |
|---|---|
| 1. This charter gives a narrative of the circumstances attending the notorious quarrel of Gallun, son of Cidrich, with his lord Houel (Hywel), King of Gleuissicg (Glywysing), son of King Ris (Rhys), a contemporary of Alfred the Great, King of England, and Rhodri the Great, Prince of Wales, about the year 877. Bishop Cerenhir exhorted them to make peace. They came to Llandaff with a large following and swore friendship on the altar of the tutelary saints before the holy Gospels, in the presence of: | |
| Here it confirms that Hywel, son of Rhys, is King of Glywysing. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
And of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: The boundary of Merthir Mivor = Merthyr Mawr, Glam. From opposite to the mouth of Ffynnon Vannon, on the Ewenny, through the meadow along the ditch to the Crug. From the Crag downwards to the stones, straight to the Ogmor, to Pwll y llech. From the Pwll straight to the mouth of the pant; along the pant to the Pwll in the Colimet, to the dyke on the top of the Allt. Along the dyke to the Sychbwll, to the Hitir, straight to the dyke. Along the dyke to the pant of Tre Sadwrn; the pant downwards as far as the pant of Tir Cinbis, to the rock towards the east. Along the dyke to the Pwll, along the dyke to the pant, along it straight to the broom-bed at the end of the lake (?) on the Ogmor. Along the Ogmor downwards as far as the confluence of the Ewenny, along it upwards as far as Aber Ffynnon Vanon. | |
| King Houel (Hywel) afterwards broke his oath, and killed Gallun treacherously. Thereupon the Bishop convened a full Synod at Llandaff attended by all the clergy of the diocese from the Taratyr on Wye to the Tiui or Towy; the crosses being unanimously laid on the ground, the bells inverted, the relics of the saints taken from the altar and thrown to the ground, the Bishop solemnly and formally excommunicated the King from Christian communion, under which sentence the King remained for nearly a year, but finding this to be insupportable, he sought pardon at Llandaff with bared feet and profuse weeping for his crimes of murder and perjury; by advice of his uncle King Mouric (Meurig), promising amendment, fasting, and almsgiving. Accordingly, he bestowed on God and the triple sainted patrons of the See, into the hand of Bishop. | |
| In the year 927 it says Bishop Cimeilliauc departed to the Lord. He was followed by Libiau (Libian who died in 939) stated to have been consecrated by Aethelred, Archbishop of Canterbury. | |
| [133 - 99r] Village of Tref Ceriau that is Llannmihangel Meibion Gratlaun | |
|---|---|
| From an insult offered to Bishop Libiau by Teudur, King of Brecheniauc or Brecknock, the son of Elised, who had expelled him dishonourably from the monastery in the middle of a banquet. On the morrow, the offended prelate cursed his assailant, and a Synod was assembled at Llandaff of the clergy belonging to the usual diocesan limits, wherein King Teudur was anathematized. The affair came to the ears of Lunberth, Bishop of St. David's, and eventually the two prelates met at Lann Cors, with the result that it was adjudged that Bishop Libiau should have five times the value of the parties who were with him in the banquet at the time of the insult, and seven times the value of the bishop himself for every man had his value in those days namely, seven hundred mancuses or arm-rings of pure gold. King Teudur could not pay this sum, so he begged for pardon by the mediation of Lumberth, and offered tlie Villa to Libiau. | |
The witnesses here, however, are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [132 - 98v] Villa Birran. | |
| 9. Grant by King Arthmail (Arthur) for his soul's health, the Villa to God, the three Saints of Llandaff, and Bishop Cemeilliaucus | |
| Arthur III, son of King Hywel, on the death of his brother King Meurig, son of King Hywel, has become King. | |
The witnesses names are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Villa Cair Birran. Its boundary is: from Guorlwrch Idwal to Ffrwd Elhaith. And from Brenan (cp. Abrenan) Picet ... | |
| [134 - 99v] Penn Ibei in Rosulgen | |
| 2. King Grifud (Griffth) , son of Yugein (Owain), granted, by way of alms to Bishop Libiauus and all the Bishops of Llandaff, in sign of the amendment of his life, and by way of recompense for three lapses which he had made against God and the saints; by seizing Idmab, son of Idcant, in the monastery of St. Cingual or Llancynwalan, a church belonging to the See in Gower, and thereby violating the sanctuary right by destroying Ciuarheru, son of Crashaiou, in the monastery of St. Cinuur, that is, Lannberu[g]all, otherwise called Llandeiloferwallt in Gower and by selling Port-Dulon, or Bishopston, also in Gower, which had been the property of the See from the earliest time, without permission of the Bishop. | |
| The sons of Hywel: King Arthur III and Owain must have died and succession is now to King Griffth, son of Owain, son of Hywel. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| (Died 943/945) (No Charters) Showing that in the year 982 Bishop Gucaunus
[died. He] was consecrated by Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury,
probably between 963 and 972 the pastoral staff being given to him in
the Royal Court by Eadgar, King of the English, in the presence of his
Suffragan Bishops of England, Birthelm, Bishop of Wells (956- 973, May
17); Alfuold, Bishop of Sherborne (958-978); A'Selwuold, Bishop of
Winchester (963-984, Aug. i); Oswald, Bishop of Worcester (961-972),
.Ifric, Abbot of St. Augustine's, Canterbury (956-971); scwuig, Abbot
of Bath (965-970); the duces Ifhere, Ifhea, and .(E'Sestan, with many
others, both clergy and laymen. He departed this life after the
reception of the Apostolic dignity, and was succeeded by Marchluid. Marchluid, or Marchiliud, held the See in the time of Ouein (Owain), Idguallaun (Idwallon), Cadell, and Cinmin (Cyfyn), sons of Morcant (Morgan Hen). No charters have been recorded of the time of this prelate, who was succeeded by Bledri, or Blethery whose time three charters appear in the Liber Landavensis, with an intervening one, undated, and one attested by Bishop Joseph, who follows him in the sequence of the book. However, good authorities, place Marchluid after Libiau and date his death in 943, Bledri becoming Bishop in 983 on the death of Gucaunus. |
| The successor in the See of Llandaff after the episcopate of Nobis is Pater, or Padarn, who is recorded to have succeeded in the year 943, and died in the year 961. There are but three charters or documents relating to his time. He attended the Synods At Llandaff 950 and 955. | |
| [109 - 92v] Church of Mainuon, that is Villa Guicon. | |
|---|---|
| 1. A penance imposed on King Nougui, son of Guriat, who slew Arcoit, son of Dissaith. Thereupon, Bishop Pater convened the clergy of all his diocese between Taratir and Tiui to consider the sacrilegious violence that had been committed. King Nogui, hearing of the Bishop's coming and the assembling of the Synod, in relation to those misdeeds, sought pardon of the Bishop and the whole Synod in the Church of Mainuon, and having restored all things to the Church, with weeping and prostration to the ground, he obtained pardon with penance enjoined, and granted in alms after the usual formula, into the hand of Bishop Pater and all the Bishops of Llandaff. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [110 - 93r] Territory of Lann Bedeui. | |
| 2. In the year 955, this deed was perpetrated. In
the days of Nogui, son of Guriat, and of Bishop Pater, on a day in
harvest time, a deacon named Ili, son of Beli, whom the Bishop had
ordained in that year, was passing through the corn crops, when a
rustic named Merchitir met him, and stabbed him to death. Thereupon Ili
fled for refuge to the Church of St. Jarmen perhaps for St. Germanus
and St. Febric. The friends of Merchitir gathered together in force,
and tried to break open the church. But Bledcuirit,i son of Enniaun,
appeared on the scene, and forbade this attempted crime. Very soon
afterwards six members of Nogui's kindred named Birtulf, his brother
Britilm, Budat, his son Biguan, and two sons of Cinnilic, named Guodcun
and Alia, got into the church and killed the deacon before the altar of
the saints, his blood being sprinkled on the altar and the walls. When the Bishop heard of this event he was abiding with Houel (Hywel), King of Britain, in the region of Brachan or Brecon, and he convened his diocesan clergy of all degrees together to consult about the matter. Thereupon Nougui met the Bishop in council " in Guentonia urbe" (perhaps Caerwent, in Monmouthshire) and the result was that the six murderers were taken to the monastery of St. Teliauus or Llandaff and spent six months chained in prison. Nogui petitioned that the prisoners might be brought to the monastery in which the crime had been perpetrated, and there receive divine judgment. It was also decreed, in the opinion of the Synod, that each of them should give to the Church he had polluted his land and all his substance and the price of his soul, that is, seven pounds of silver. Nor is it to be forgotten that before the judgment those men Idguallaun (Idwallon), son of Moriud, and Guinan, Iunathan, and Guelfird, three sons of Ceretic, and the whole land of the family of Guoruot, with field and springs, with woods and hawks, and with every royal due, were put under the hand of the Bishop into the powers of the Church of St. Teliauus. When all these things had been thus determined by divine judgment, the Bishop stood up in the midst and all the assembly about him holding the Gospel, and he said to Nogui: " Put thy hand upon this Gospel;'' and Nogui put his hand on the book, saying: " Let this land with its inhabitants be dedicated for ever to the Saints Dubricius, Teliauus, and Oudoceus, and Bishop Pater, and all the Bishops of Llandaff." |
|
| Here is a date of 955 during the reign of King Hywel | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: The boundary of Lann Vedeui, now Penterry, Mon. The dyke in the pant, the boundary of L. Vedeui and the boundary of Tonou Mur, that is Pibhenn Eholch. Along the pant upwards to the foot of the Allt, to the dyke of Trostre. Along the dyke to Ffrwd Iguern. Across the Ffrwd to the ditch, to the well of Dywenydd Aruen, along its Nant. Along Nant Gwnos, along the pant as far as Trallwng Tewdws to the dyke, along it through the wood, along the dyke as far as the pant of Pibenn Eholch, where the boundary began. Glin Mannou, (cp. The Glyn Wood), and Rhos yr Eithin, the gorze moor, and Cilcoit as far as Anghidy and the boundary of Cil Catan belong to the land of Llan Vedeui, &c. | |
| [111 - 94r] Cair Nonou. | |
| 3. Whereby Bledruis, son of Guollguinn, being sick unto death, in return for honourable sepulture (in the church precincts), bestowed upon Llandaff Cathedral and Bishop Pater by consent of King Nougui. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| Bishop Libiau departed to the Lord in 929, the third year of his ordination. The date is important, as helping to give a precise period to the witnesses, some of whom would appear to have lived to a considerable age, unless they bear names similar to those of their forerunners. Libiau was followed, if the MS. is trustworthy in its chronology, by Bishop Gucaunus (972-983) to whose period four charters bear witness. | |
| [135 - 99v] Grant of Morcant (Morgan) Hen, son of Yugei (Owain) | |
|---|---|
| 1. Morgan Hen (Morcant Hen), son of Owain, King of Morcannuc (Morgannwg) (Owain was the son of Hywel in Charter 131.) Morgan Hen (942-74) is contemporary with Edgar, King of the English (who died in 975), restored, by his admonition and by exhortation and recommendatory letters of Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury (who died on 19 May, 988), to Gwgan (Gucaunus), Bishop of Llandaff, all the territories of that Church, with its liberty and privilege, as it was at its best state in the times of Saints Dubricius, Teliauus, and Oudoceus, his predecessors, free from all service throughout all Wales {Gualia), not only throughout the realm of King Morcant (Morgan), who ruled over the seven districts between the mouths of the rivers Guy and Tyui, but also throughout the realm of Hiuel Da (Hywel Dda), son of Cattell, who reigned over all Wales. These, namely, are the churches with all their territories: The Churches of Machumur. namely: 1. Lann Liuit, II. Lann Uannar, III. Lann Guoronui, IV. Lann Tituil, V. Lann Mihacgel cruc Cornou, VI. LAN Mihacgel ipull, VII. Lann Gunnhoill, VIII. Lann Nissien, IX. Lann Guern Tiuauc, and many others. | |
| King Griffth, son of Owain, must have died. King Morgan Hen, son of Owain, is now King of Morgannwg. His sons are Owain, Idwallon, Cadell, and Cynfyn. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (1) he boundary of Lann Liuit = Ll,
Llwyd, N.E. of Ll. Vannar, Mon. The Llecha, on the West
side to the pant, downwards along it to the Lumon. Along
the Lumon upwards as far as the pant. Along the pant
transversely below Guaissav Liwallon, ? Rhiwallon, the
son of Tudvwlch. Along the Nant through the pant to its
source, to another Nant. Along it till it falls into the
Llecha. Along the Llecha downwards to the mouth of the
pant the water of which falls into the Lumon, where the
boundary began. (2) The boundary of Ll. Vannar (Ll. Vaenor), Mon. From the confluence of the brooks Distir and Lumon, along the Distir, now Dishter, upwards as far as the pant, along the pant as far as the little Nant as it leads down- wards to Lumon. Along the Lumon till its confluence with the Distir, where the boundary began. (3) The boundary of Lann Guoronoi, now Rockfield, Mon. The Monnow, on one side, making for the pant in the Cecin towards the west on the north side of the church. From the pant downwards to the spring of Ffynnon Dioci. Along the Gwver to Nant Catlan. Along the Catlan, as far as Aber Periron, along the Catlan as far as the Monnow. Along the Monnow upwards as far as opposite to the pant in the Cecin, where the boundary began on the Monnow. (4) The boundary of Lann Tituill, now Llwyn Deri, Mon. The ditch, on the right side, as it leads downwards to the Trothy. Along the ditch upwards to the Allt, along the Cecin of the ridge of the Allt as far as the head of the Allt, to the ditch. Along the ditch to Nant Meneich, (Monachty brook). Along Nant Meneich to the Trothy. Along the Trothy downwards as far as the head of the ditch, where the boundary began. (5) The boundary of Ll. MihangeL Cruc Corne, Mon. Along the meadow, on the south side, as far as the Gwver. Through the meadow along the Gwver downwards as far the Hodni, (Honddi). Up the Hodni as far as Aber Ffynnon Vechan. Along the Gwver upwards to its spring. From its spring over the Allt in a straight line downwards as far as the Weun to the meadow, where the boundary began. (6) The boundary of Lann Mihangel I Pwll. The Cecin of the Allt on the Graig, on the western side of the church, as far as the Mouric, to one end of the Ynys above the church, and the other end below it. (7) = Ll. Ishen, Mon. From the top of the Rhiw of Ynys Teir-erw on the bank of the Olway. Along the Olway upward as far as Nant Cichmann. Along Nant Cichmann to its source. From its source to the willow-wood, ? Hygga, to the source of Anghidy Vawr. Along it downwards as far as the Weun on the west side of the Maen-dy, (stone-house), straight to the source of the Anghidy Vechan. From its source upwards to the Allt of Hilguidd, through the wood to the Rhiw. Along the Rhiw to the breast of the Allt below the church of Nissien. Along it down Ynys Teir-erw as far as the Olway, where the boundary began. (8) The boundary of Lann Guern Timauc, Mon. The Dubleis to the mouth of the ditch of Ciu. Along it upwards to the Allt, to the boundary cairn of Penn Gelli Guennuc, along the ditch towards the east till it descends downwards at Penn Gelli Guennuc into the pant. Along the pant, along the ditch, towards the south, downwards as far as the spring of the Ffynnon. From its spring upwards, towards the east, along the Gwver to the Allt, upwards making for the breast of the Allt of the hill, along the Gwver as far as the stone. From the stone straight over the mountain to the Weun, to the Gulyble in the centre of the Weun. Along the Gulyble towards the northern part of the great ditch on the Cecin of the hill as the ditch leads downwards to the high road, across the road along the ditch as far as the Guenwyn Meirch, along it upwards to the wood to its source. From its source towards the west transversely through the wood to the Dubleis. Along the Dubleis dbwnwards as far as the end of the ditch where the boundary began. (There is a Gulible in the boundary of Bishton, and if Lis Guern is the same as Liswery it would seem that L. Guern Timauc must be equated with Ll. Wem, Mon., which is on a Dubleis. On the other hand if Henlenic Cinauc=Ll. Gunnoclc, Pen Celli Guennhucc would seem to be Wolves Newton (cp. Villa Gunnhucc in Guartha Cum), or some place near it, and L. Guern Timauc would be Guernesney, perhaps. Unfortunately there is a Pill near Liswery as well as near Guernesney, but Nant y Gelli I have found only near Wolves Newton.) | |
| [136 - 100v] Llancarvan - Grant of Gustin and Ebba | |
| 2. Merchiaun, son of Riderch (Rhydderch), penitently desiring pardon for his misdeeds, and that he may thus merit eternal joy in blessed tranquillity, grants for the souls' health of his wife and of his parents Riderch (Rhydderch) and Acgarat, to the three confessors, Dubricius, Teliaus, and Oudoceus, and to Bishop Gucaunus adorned with the two precious gems of the wisdom of Holy Writ, and the nobility of royal pedigree, together with the dignity of the pontifical throne and hereditary right to the Abbacy of St. Catocus at Lann Caruania the two serf brethren Gustin and Ebba, with their paternal estate and fishing rights, free for ever of all taxation, and with the usual formula of common rights, to Llandaff and its pastors. | |
| Merchiaun is son of Rhydderch. King Arthur IV is son of Nougui | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [137 - 101r] Lannmihacgell Lechrit; Village of Stifilot | |
| 3. Arthmail (Arthur), King of Guent (Gwent), who attests the previous grant, son of Nougui, having killed his brother Elised, and consequently incurred the penalty of excommunication at the hands of Bishop Gucaunus in obedience to the decision of all the clergy of every rank throughout the diocese of Llandaff in a Synod, and having implored pardon, penance, and reconciliation with the Church, grants, after the customary formulae, to the triad of Saints, and to the Bishop . | |
| King Arthur IV is King of Gwent. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Lann Mihangel Lichrit, somewhere on the Troggy, Mon. Its boundary is: From the ford on the Troggy along the Pont Meinog through the meadow to the mouth of the Nant,= ? valley, along the Gupant, little pant, upwards to the Allt. Along the Allt towards the north, along the Allt throughout its length as far as opposite to the mouth of the pant towards the west, to the spring of the Gwver in the pant. Along the pant till its water falls into the Troggy. Along the Troggy as far as far as the ford, where the boundary began. | |
| [138 - 101v] Villa Sevan. | |
| 4. Lavr and his son Deheueint, in penitence for the murder of Merchi, granted, by way of penance, to the triple band of guardian saints and to Bishop Gucaunus and all the prelates of Llandaff, with assent of King Idguallaun (Idwallon), son of Morcant (Morgan Hen) | |
| King Idwallon is son of Morgan Hen. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [139 - 101v] Lannguoronoi | |
|---|---|
| 1. Grant by four disciples of Ili, named Elmoin, Nud, Melguas, and Arguistil. with assent of Ris (Rhys), King of Morcanhuc (Morgannwg), son of Ouein (Owain), in perpetual gift, free of taxation, to the Bishops of Llandaff, into the hand of Bishop Bledri, | |
| King Rhys is son of Owain, (assume son of Morgan Hen). Gwrgant is son of Merchiaun | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Lann Guronoi, cp. Guoronoi Charter 135. Its boundary is: From Rhyd y Cerr as far as the Cecyn, as far as the well of Guaiddan. From the well along the Cecgyn as far as the Targuus. Through the Targuus as far as the Dou Ceviou, transversely as far as the well of the hazel, transversely as far as the Gelli of Ruddan Hint, Ieuen as far as the Taruus. From the Taruus as far as Tre Gloyiud as far as Ieuen, as far as the Monnow, that is, Teir-erw below Rhyt Deveit. | |
| At this place the MS. introduces two paragraphs to take the place of a written memorandum which had contained them, nearly perished by reason of its great age. | |
Let all Christian men
know that there are seven cantrefs, or districts, in the lordship of
Morgannuc, and likewise in its bishopric of the Church of Llandaff,
viz.:
|
|
| This was done by common assent and attestation of all the Archbishops, Bishops, and Abbots | nobles and barons of all England and Wales |
| [140 - 102v] Villa Elcu | |
| 3. The charter attested by Bishop Joseph, (who is placed after Bledri, but it is not easy to account for the position, because it is clear that the arrangement of the text is faulty at this place) shows that Mouric (Meurig), King of Gulatmorcant (Glamorgan), son of Hiuel (Hywel), restored to the Saints of Llandaff, and to Bishop Joseph and his successors, the Vill of Elcu, an unidentified site, which had been alienated from the See by lay usurpation. | |
| Meurig is King of Glamorgan. | The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [141 - 103r] Village of Junabic | |
| 4. In consequence of a litigious feud between the kinsmen of Etguinus, King of Guent (Gwent), son of Guriat, and those of Bishop Bledri, which was carried on with fury and bloodshed on both sides. The Bishop, in his endeavour to quell the fight, interposed himself between the parties, and was wounded to the shedding of his blood by one of the King's men. On the close of the quarrel the Bishop came to Llandaff, convened a full Synod, and caused the King and all his kin to be excommunicated, placing the country of Guent (Gwent) under a curse, withholding baptism and depriving it of all Christian communion. When King Etguin heard of the commotion and excommunication, he sought pardon at Llandaff, and in full Synod he obtained remission and forgiveness for his sins after bringing the offenders to the feet of the Bishop and delivering them up to judgment with pardon. After penance and forgiveness. King Etguin, believing that fasting, prayer, and almsgiving were necessary to his restoration, granted, after the usual formula, to Llandaff and to Bishop Bledri, for shedding his blood, three modii of land to the Church of Llandaff and its Bishops for ever. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Villa Junuhic (Apparently this place is Undy, Mon. Possibly Junahic is a mistake for Junwhic, older Junntic or, perhaps, Gunntic), with three modii of land. Its boundary is: From Pill Cinguid as far as Nant Louhelic, along it as far as, the Pill. The boundary: Nant y Gov on one side; on the other side Nant y Golchetva as far as the Pill, to the ash-tree towards the east. From the ash-tree straight downwards to the Nant y Golchetva (According to Wakeman the stream which flows by Penhow, St. Bride's & Magor to the sea is called Olchva, or Olva, which I venture to identify with the Golchetva of the text. In the Ordnance Map it is named the "Old brook "!); along it as far as the Pill. From the ash-tree, on the other side, as far as the Gwver as it leads downwards to Nant y Gov, to the Pill. | |
| [142 - 103r] Pencelli Guenuhuc near Linguern | |
| 5. Rotri and Grifud, Kings of Guent (Gwent), sons of Elised, dedicated to Bishop Bledri for the souls' health of his parents, the land | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (1) Penn Celli Guennuc Wolves
Newton, Mon. Its boundary is: The Gorddwr (?) of the Pill
along the middle of the line of the valley as far as the
willows. The willow-wood as far as the Gelli; thence
following the valley as far as Carnwen. (2) The boundary of Henlenic Cinauc = Ll. Gunnock, now in ruins, Mon., on the Pill. Aber Guinnic on the Pill along the Gwnnic upwards as far as the Priddbwll. From the Priddbwll to the Cecn of the Allt, which is the boundary of the land of Lann Gwnnhoill, as the cecn of the Allt, leads towards the west (? east), along it as far as the Pill. Along the Pill downwards as far as Aber Gwnnic, where the boundary began. | |
| [103v] Election of the Kings of Glamorgan | |
|---|---|
| 6. In the year 983, election having been made by the Kings of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), namely, Ouein (Owain) and Idguallaun (Idwallon), Catell (Cadell), and Cinuin (Cynfyn), sons of Morcant Hen, Rotri (Rodri) and Grifud (Gruffydd), sons of Elised, and by all the clergy and people of Morcannuc dwelling between the mouth of the Taratir on Wye and of the Towy, Bledri was consecrated Bishop of Llandaff, the pastoral staff being given to him in the Royal Court by Ethelred, supreme King of the English (Ethelred II 978-1012), and Archbishop Albricus, Metropolitan of the church of Canterbury (995-1006). | |
| The sons of Morgan Hen: Owain, Idwallon, Catell, and Cynfyn, are all specified as Kings of Morgannwg. | |
| (1022-1046) Brenhinedd y Saesson says that
he died in Rome in 1045, being "Teilo's bishop", therefore of Llandeilo. Bishop Bledri departed to the Lord in 1022, the thirty-ninth year of his ordination. Bledri, the best scholar in Wales, who caused the priests to educate the people, was succeeded by Joseph, whose consecration is the subject of a paragraph in the Liber Landavensis, wherein it is shown that, on the Kalends of October, in the year 1022, in the first year of the ninth cycle. This was solemnised at Canterbury by Archbishop Aelnod, the Bishop receiving the pastoral staff in the Court of King Canute (1017-1036), who assented thereto, in accordance with the election of the people and clergy of Llandaff and the Kings of Britain, namely, Riderch (Rhydderch) (1021-1031), son of Iestyn, sole King of all Wales, and Hiuel (Hywel), subregulus of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), within the above said bounds of the diocese: and the Bishop departed to the Lord in the twenty-fourth year of his ordination at Augusta on his journey to St. Peter's at Rome; or in the street of St. Peter the Apostle at Aosta. | |
| Rhydderch is son of Iestyn; Hywel is King of Morgannwg | |
| Bishop Joseph, like his predecessor, was eminent for his piety and learning. He restored the celebration of Saints' days by prayer and almsgivings; forbade secular work on Sabbaths and Holidays, and the intervention of the clergy in disputes; and encouraged them to read and learn the Scriptures. Eleven documents are contained in this MS. as belonging to his period | |
| [143 - 103v] Grant of Rhydderch son of Iestyn | |
|---|---|
| Riderch (Rhydderch), son of Iestin. King of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), yea of all Wales, except only the island of Euonia, (Mona - Angelsey), held by Iago, son of Idwal. Riderch (Rhydderch) was a man of peace, and confirmed the possessions of the clergy and laity. In his time Wales flourished without desolation in all but three solitary vills. To Llandaff and its triad of tutelary Saints and to Bishop Joseph he confirmed its churches and lands, with all their dignities and privileges, liberties, and common rights, in veneration for the faith, taking oath on the Gospels that he would never deprive the See of a single clod of its earth, or of its privileges, that is, freedom of all tax except only prayer and divine service, freedom from governor, consul, or deputy, proconsul, from meetings, from watchings, from expeditions; with full dignity of its Court as a Royal Court; disclaiming rule or interference in its matters or possessions; preserving its right of refuge or sanctuary, and this was not only to extend to Llandaff, but also to St. David's, throughout the Demetic, or South Wales regions: Cantref Maur, Brecheniauc, and Eluail or South Radnorshire. In regard to the foregoing, the Church of Llandaff and Bishop Joseph held the following possessions during the King's reign by the admonition of Archbishop Aelnod and the express approbation of King Cnut. | |
| King Rhydderch is son of Iestin, (assume son of Idwallon to match Genealogy om right rather than accepted version). He controlled all of Wales except Mona. | |
| Boundaries: In Cantref Maur (N. Carmarthenshire, Caio and Catheiniog hundreds): I. Lann Teliau Maur (Llandeilo fawr), with its two territories. II. Lann Teliau Nant Seru (in Caio parish). III. Lann Teliav Garthteuir (Brondeilo in Caio parish). IV. Lann Teliau Mainaur Brunus (Llandeilo Rwnws). V. Lann Teliau Bechan in Difrin Teiui. In Cantref Guartha (W. Carmarthenshire and part of Pembrokeshire): VI. Lann Teliau Lanndibrguir Mainaur (Llanddowror). VII. Lann Teliau Treficerniu (?Trelech). VIIJ. Lanntoulidauc Icair (Llandeulydog, Pembrokeshire). IX. Lann Teliau Aper Coguin (Llandeilo, Abercywyn). X. Lann Teliau Penn Tiuinn (perhaps Henllan, near Llandewi Felfre, Pembrokeshire or Pendine, Carmarthenshire). XI. Lann Teliau Luin Guaidan, a vill only in Euelfre (Llwyngwaddau, near Llandewi Felfre, Pembrokeshire). In Penbro: XII. Lann Rath (Amroth). XIII. Lann Cronnguern, with the three territories of Amrath (Cronware. Their boundary is from Frut Gurcant to Glan rath). XIV. Tref Carn, a vill only, without a church (perhaps St. Florence, near Tenby). XV. Laitii Ti Teliau, on the bank of the Ritec, a vill only near Penn alunn (Penally). XVI. Menechi, on the bank of the Ritec, near Penn alunn (perhaps near Gumfreston, or Monachdy). XVII. Pull Arda, near mainaur pir, a vill only (Maenor-byr, Manorbeer, near Tenby). XVIII. Luin Teliau, a vill only (or Tre-llwyn, Tenby). XIX. Eccluis Guiniau, the birthplace of St. Teliaus (Penally Church or Gumfreston). XX. Porth Medgen, a vill only (perhaps Cheriton). XXI. Forth Manach Mainaur or Forth Manuthiel (in amithieil, or Mouncton, Monkton, near Pembroke). XXII. Din Guennhaf in lonion, a vill only (perhaps Lanion, near Pembroke). XXIII. Lann Teliau Litgarth in fin doucledif ha chemeis mainaur (Llandeilo Llwydgarth, near Maenclochog, Pembrokeshire on the borders of the hundreds of Dungleddy and Kemmaes). XXIV. Lann Teliau Cil Retin in emlinn (Cil Rhedin, Carmarthenshire). In Ros: XXV. Lann Issan Mainaur (Perhaps St. Ishmael's in Rhos, Pembrokeshire). XXVI. Bronnlann (unidentified). Lanngurfrit (LLangurfrit, Rees), (unidentified). XXVII. Telich Clouuan (Tachloian, near Llan-Deilo vawr, Carmarthenshire). In Penbro: XXVIII. Ciltutuc (between Tenby and Pembroke). XXIX Penn Clecir (near Tenby). In Pepitiauc (Pebidiog, N.W. Pembrokeshire): ___ Mainaur mathru (Mathry) XXX. Cenarth Maur (Carmarthenshire). In Brecua (Brecheniauc - Brecknockshire). XXXI. Lann Guruaet Mainaur (Llandeilo'r fan) In Cantref Selim (Selyf, an ancient division of Brecknockshire): XXXII. Lann Coitt (Llangoed, an extinct chapel in the parish of Llyswen). In Cantref Talacharn (Talgarth, Brecknockshire): XXXIII. Lanncors (Llan Gors). XXXIV. Lann Mihachgel Meibion Gratlaun (perhaps Llanfihangel Cwmdu). XXXV. Lann Idoudec Seith (near Llan Gors). In Elmail (Elfael, rural deanery, Radnorshire): XXXVI. Lann Meilic Halyguess (Llowes Church, dedicated to St. Meilig, or Maelog, Radnorshire - Croes Feilig or St. Melig's Cross) XXXVII. Lann Teliau Icihou Idrifrinn Machagui (Llandeilo y Ciliau, in the valley of the Bachawy, a stream falling into the River Wye near Erwood, Llandeilo Graban, Radnorshire). | |
| [144 - 104r] Penypric, Treeliau in Senghenydd, Llantuiauc in Pennichen | |
| 2. Mouric (Meurig), King of Gulatmorcant (Glamorgan), son of Hiuel (Hywel), had made and sworn peace with Etguinus, son of Guriat, King of Gueniscoit, upon the relics of the Saints and the Gospel Book, to unite against the men of Brecon and all their enemies, the English and the southern transmontane Britons, in the presence of Bishop Joseph and many notables of the realm. But after a time King Mouricus (Meurig) broke his oath, captured Etguinus, took his kingdom, and put out his eyes. The Bishop heard of the crime, and cursed the wicked King and his abettors, at a general assembly of all the diocesan clergy at Llandaff, which confirmed the canonical sentence. The King, recognising his unsupportable condition, and unable to bear the excommunication put on him, besought pardon at Llandaff and at God's hand by intercession of the triad of Saints and of the Bishop, which he obtained by penance and the grant in alms to the Bishops of Llandaff | |
| King Meurig, King of Glamorgan is the son of Hywel. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: (1) Villa Penn I Prisc, that is Difrin
Anovid, Glam. The boundary of Dyffryn
Annovydd, now Cwm Novydd, is: From the well of Derguist
as far as the Allt, along it as far Rhiw Tiuuil, to Pwll yr
Julenn, to the Garn Lwyd, leading upwards opposite to the
Crug ri, to the Gaer as far as thd Annovydd, along it as
far as Buddinn. (2) Trev Eliau= Villa Filiorum Quichtrit, (now Roatk, Glam.) The boundary of Trev Eliau: From the Weun, cp. Peny Weun, as far as the sea in length; from Tre Ligotuc as far as Tre Tegan in width. | |
| [145 - 105r] Riv Brein. | |
| 3. Riuguallaun, son of Run, fought with Bishop Joseph and his kinsfolk and wounded one of them, a friend of the Bishop, with a lance. He was, therefore, expelled from the district and excommunicated for his crime. Eventually he made up his contention with the Bishop and his relations, and a penance was set on him for his misdeeds, whereby he obtained absolution, and, upon renewing his peace with the kindred of the wounded man, he granted, by permission of King Huigel (Hywel) and his son Mouricus (Meurig), his hereditary land of Rlubrein to Bishop Joseph and all his successors for ever, with common rights and free of all charges. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Rhiw Brein, somewhere between Castell Coch and Castell Morgraig, Glam. Its boundary is: From the Rhyd Lydan on the Annovydd, along it as far as the Istleidog, to the Pwll of Cincenn's kiln, to the Crug Glas, to the high road as far as the ditch, along it as far as Weun Wen, along it as far as the forest of Ina. | |
| [146 - 105v] Tref Gynnhill. | |
| 4. Gurcant (Gwrgant), son of Ithail (Ithel), dedicated for his soul's health the Villa | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Ynys Peithan, now ? Forest Castell Coch, Glam. The boundary of this forest, together with the forest which belongs to Ynys Bradwen, is: From Aber Gwngleis, now Ton Guynles, on the Tav as the Guynles leads upwards to its source. From its source across to the source of Nant Ddu. Along the Nant Ddu downwards till it falls into the ground before reaching the Tav. From that place to the Tav, along the Tav, with its fish, downwards as far as Aber Gwngleis, where the boundary began. | |
| [147 - 105v] Tref Gulych | |
| 5. Mouric (Meurig), King of Gulatmorcant (Glamorgan), son of Huigel (Hywel), was incensed against a certain wealthy subject named Seisill, and came to Llandaff, where he violated the sanctuary of the three saints and took away from the church door the said man's wife, by force and violence, in the presence of the Bishop, wounding one of the Bishop's family. Thereupon the prelate assembled at a full Synod all his diocesan clergy and anathematised the King, or rather the wicked transgressor of God's commandments. The sentence having been given and published throughout the diocese, the King petitioned at Llandaff for pardon, offering to restore the captive wife, to pay the Bishop's wounded man, and fully restore the sanctuary. And penance being enjoined on him with pardon granted according to the measure of the crime, the King restored to the Llandaff Saints the Villa which had formerly belonged to them from the time of Ithail (Ithel), King of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), son of Athruis (Arthur) | |
| King Hywel must have died; (the death of Hywel ab Owain, Lord of Glamorgan is shown as 1043 in Brenhinedd y Saesson); succession is to Mouric (Meurig), King of Glamorgan, son of King Hywel. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Trev Gulych, now St. Lythan's, or some place between it and the Golych river, Glam,. Its boundary is: From the Powisva, resting place, to the Crug, to the stone, along the ditch to Carn Gistlerth, along the ditch to Carn Guocov, ? Gam, near Wenvo Castle, along the Garn to the Nant, along the Nant to the Gwrimmi = Little Rumney. Along the Gwrimmi as far as the Golych. Along the Golych upwards Teir-erw yr Ynys in front of Powisva Dewi. | |
| [148 - 106r] Villa Fratrus upon Nadauan. | |
| 6. King Mouricus (Meurig) also, in expiation of the already-mentioned excess, dedicated to the Church of Llandaff and its Bishops. And he blessed Catguocaun (Cadwgan) and Ris (Rhys), his sons, and all his posterity, that they should keep this grant, and cursed all his survivors who should ever sever the same from the Church of Llandaff. | |
| King Meurig has two sons: Cadwgan and Rhys. | |
| Boundaries: Villa Fratrus, now Aberthyn, n.e.. of Cowbridge, Glam. Its boundary is: Ebirthun, thence to the Garn; from the Garn to the dyke, to the ardd of the Allt, to the shoulder of the Allt, along it above y Gelli, along it as far as its end, downwards straight towards the west to the high road. Across the road to the head of the dyke, straight along it. Along the dyke to the brook, as far as the Naddawan. Along it to Aber Ebyrthun, along it to the high road, along it to the ford, where the boundary began. | |
| [149 - 106v] Henriu in Lebund in Gwent | |
| 7. Another chapter in the history of the abduction of Seisill's wife. It relates that Caratauc (the primary form of the later and common name of Caradoc), son of Riuallaun, one of the nobles of Mouricus (Meurig), King of Morcanhuc (Morgannwg), had violated the sanctuary of the three tutelary Saints of Llandaff, by abetting that King in his forcibly taking her away from the church door, as described in the charter of Tref Gulych. When he had reflected on his evil conduct, and saw that he could not free himself from the consequences ensuing from the Bishop's anger and the excommunication he had brought on himself, except by fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, with tears he besought the Bishop's pardon, who appointed him a penance befitting such a sacrilege, and thus, with assent of Catgucaun (an early form of the later name Cadogan), King of Guent (Gwent), he granted, after the usual formulae, to Bishop Joseph | |
| King Meurig has died and his son Cadwgan is King. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Lann Petyr in Hennriu = Ll. Beder, now in ruins, Mon. Its boundary is: The Dubleis, thence to Nant y Gall, along it to its source. From the head of the Allt in Went Wood, along the Cecyn of the Allt upwards till opposite to St. Michael's church, Kemeis Inferior, to the high road, upwards through the wood along the ridge of the Allt. From the ridge of the Allt straight downwards to the spring of Nant March. Along Nant March as far as the Dyvleis. | |
| [150 - 106v] Village of Carnou that is Crucou Leuirn ; the village of Crucou Morgan | |
| 8. Merchiaun, son of Riderch (Rhydderch), and Gurcant (Gwrgant), his son, by this charter granted, in exchange for a heavenly realm, to Bishop Joseph with the assent of the King, | |
| Gwrgant is the son Merchiaun, the son of Rhydderch. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: The boundary of Villa Crucou Morcant. The ford of the Arvaith on the Mouric, along the road till above the Allt to the right, straight to a lake, to the great wood, across the road to the ditch. Along the ditch upwards to Garth Bacat, to the wood on the other side of Garth Bacat, to the top of Nant Hela, along the pant of Nant Ela to the stone, to the road, to the ditch, along the ditch to Pool Merrick, downwards a while along the Pool to Bryn y Gasseg, to Pen y Wern. The Manor to the ditch, along it downwards as far as Pool Merrick, along the Arvaith, where the boundary began. | |
| [151 - 107r] Llansanffread in Mainaur Crugmaes | |
| 9. Catguallaun, son of Guriat, in an altercation with Riderch (Rhydderch), son of Beli, struck him in the Court, and in the presence of Bishop Joseph at Llandaff, with his fist and caused blood to flow from his nostrils, whereupon the Bishop consigned him to prison before his kinsfolk, to wit his father Guriat, Gurcanus, son of Ithail (Ithel), his cousin, and others. In prison the culprit confessed his wickedness, and caused intercession for pardon to be made to the Bishop, offering to the tutelary saints and the Bishop the church of St. Brigida, or Llansanffread, i.e., St. Bride's super Ely, in Glamorgan, with three modii of land, and a fitting compensation to the injured man. The Bishop took counsel with the Canons and law-worthy (or lage-men) men of Llandaff with assent of Guriat, the grantor's father, and consent of Mouricus (Meurig), King of Morcanhuc (Morgannwg), | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Lann Sant Breit = St. Bride's super Ely, Glam. Its boundary is: In width from Nant Brachan as far as Glesius, Glasswg. In length from Ffynnon Liss as far as the confluence of the two brooks of Brachan. | |
| [152 - 107v] Cecin Penrhos upon Wye | |
| 10. Seisill, son of Gistlerth (whose wife had been carried off by King Mouric (Meurig)), dedicated, after the usual formula, to Bishop Joseph and (the Church of) Llandaff, and to the church of Cinfall for ever, Cecin Penn Ros on the bank of the Mingui or Mynwy, on the other side of Lanncinfall, or Llangynfall, near Monmouth, with the assent of Grifud, son of Riderch (Rhydderch). | |
| Gruffydd, son of Rhydderch, is King of Morgannwg. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries:Cecin Penn Ros = ? Perthyr, Mon Its boundary is: From opposite Aber Ffynnon Emrdil across the Monnow. Along Cecin Pen Rhos to the right, making for the head of the meadow of Audi, along it downwards as far as the Monnow. Along the Monnow as far as Aber Ffynnon Emrdil where the boundary began. | |
| [153 - 107v] Cecin Pennicelli near Lannbocha. | |
| 11. Riuguallaun son of Tutbulch, accompanied by his kinsfolk, came one day to Lann Mocha, or St. Maughan, co. Monmouth, excited by anger and fury, and pillaged the people of that place; and coming with his spoil, the plundered church relics following in his train, he fell down with a great cry and groan into the Fount of Oir, or Cold-Well, being overmuch terrified at the sight of a large fish in the fount, at which his horse started and threw him to the ground so that his arm was broken. Half dead, he called to his kinsmen and surrendered his spoils, and in that very spot dedicated to the triad of Llandaff Saints, and to Bishop Joseph and all the Bishops of Llandaff, his hereditary land. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Cecin Penn i Celli, near St. Maughan, Mon. Its boundary is: The spring of Ffynnon Oer downwards along the Gwver as far as the Priddbwll, downwards to the mouth of the pant on the north side. Along the pant upwards to the high road. Along the west side of the road as far as Ffynnon Oer, (the cold well), where the boundary began. | |
| (Brenhinedd y Saesson says that he died 1107 as bishop of Landaff to be followed by Urban.) Herwald succeeded in the Episcopal See to Bishop Joseph. He was also called Hergualdus, and Hervvallt, and flourished contemporaneously with Edward Confessor and the successive Kings of England to the time of Henry I. Though a native of Wales, he is reputed to have spent the earlier years of his life among the English. The actual date of his consecration is about 1056, which was afterwards confirmed by Cynisi, or Kinsige, Archbishop of York [1051-1060], in a Synod at London in 1059, during the week of Pentecost; but Canon Holmes, in his edition of Dr. Stubbs's Registrum Sacrum, gives the date of 26 May, 1056, for his consecration, and 6 March, 1104, for his death. In the same work the historian Ralph de Diceto, is quoted as the authority for the consecration of Herewald of Llandafif by Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, but Lanfranc's consecration did not take place until 29 August, 1070. At his death, on II. Non. Mart., 6 March, Bishop Herwald had sat for forty-eight years in the Episcopal chair, and was in his hundredth year of age. Herewald had been ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Joseph. Grifidus, King of the Britons, and Mouricus (Meurig), Son of Houel (Hywel), with the prelates, priests, doctors, chiefs, and nobles, unanimously elected him to be Bishop, and his consecration was made in the presence of King Edward Confessor. Six documents are contained in the Liber Landavensis as having been attested by this Bishop | |
| [154 - 108v] Henrhiw Gunnua | |
|---|---|
| The kinsmen of Catgucaunus, King of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), the son of Mouricus (Meurig), upon a certain Christmas day, visited Llandaff with good intent, but the festivities in which he took part began to be riotous, and Berthutis, a kinsman and grandson or nephew {nepos) of the Bishop, was killed. He was a just man, and the physician of the whole district. As this crime had been committed under the wings, so to speak, of the three Saints of Llandaff, the Bishop convened a full Synod of all the diocesan clergy at Llandaff, where the crosses and holy relics were placed on the ground, the bells inverted, the church doors closed and barricaded with thorn bushes, and so they remained, without service or pastor, for days and nights, while the anathema and separation from the faith rested on the King's family. When the King became aware of the murmuring and commotion this brought about, he began to weep for this condemnation, desiring rather to be at peace with his pastor than to be a participator in the infliction of the injury. He called, therefore, all his nobles together, and besought pardon at Llandaff, with devotion and tears for the separation of his family from the company of Christians. His prayer was heard, and pardon granted after canonical penance performed by the King, who placed his hands on the altar of the Saints and, before all the clergy and laity, declared the confirmation of his almsgiving to Landaff and the Bishop | |
| Cadwgan, son of Meurig, is King of Morgannwg. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Henn Riu Gunnva. Its boundary is: The head of the Weun at the head of the ditch, along it to the road, to the ridge of the Allt in (or at) the Gelli. Along Cecn of the Gelli downwards till it descends to the Pwll near the edge of the meadow towards the east. Along the dyke in the pant across the road upwards, along the pant to the mouth of the Rhiw on the ridge of the Allt as far as Hendre Gwgawn, downwards through the wood as far as the brook. Along the brook as far as the willow-wood. Thence on the north side to the Crug, to the other Crug straight across the road, to Penn Gelli Gulyble, to Guorlwrch Idwal. Along the Guorlwrch to the Garn, to the Crug, to the Garn along the high road, from the plain of the meadow as far as the head of the meadow, where the boundary began. | |
| [155 - 109r] Privilege granted by King Gruffydd | |
| 2. Granted by Grifudus or Gruffydd, son of Llewelyn and Prince of Gwynedd, King of Britain "and, as I may say, of all Wales from one end to the other," who reigned over Wales from 1032 to 1061, when he was opposed by Caradoc ap Rhydderch ab lestyn and treacherously killed. This King the subject of a somewhat extravagant panegyric who penitently promising amendment for what he had perpetrated contrary to divine precepts, by fasting, prayer, and almsgiving to God, and to widows and orphans, bearing himself bravely against the barbarous English, who always fled before him, the Western Irish, the bellicose natives, the seamen of Denmark, and the men of the Orkneys; he it was who quitclaimed all the territories of the Church of Llandaff, of St. Peter, the apostle, and saintly confessors, Dubricius, Teliauus, and Oudoceus, within the whole of its diocese, charged only with the duty of daily prayer for the souls' health of the kings and princes of Britain. The grant was ratified by his placing the hands upon the four gospels and into the hand of Bishop Heruualdus before all his people on Christmas day at Ystum guy, or Stuntaf (? Whitchurch), with the offering of the Villa | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [156 - 110r] Villa Miluc | |
| 3. The grantor Gistinus (Iestyn), son of Gurcant (Gwrgant) (a prominent figure in the mediaeval annals of Glamorgan), a man declared to be of a most untractable and turbulent disposition, who had succeeded to the kingdom of Glamorgan about 1043, and about forty-five years later was contending with his rival Rhys ap Tewdwr in a strife which eventually led to the winning of his realm by the Normans in 1091 sent his kinsmen or retinue to Llandaff in a spirit of aggression. In this company was a certain Turguert, and a youth named Enniaun, the nepos, grandson or nephew, of Gistinus. The sanctity of the refugium of the Saints Dubricius, Teliauus, and Oudoceus, the sanctuary presided over by Bishop Heruuald, was violated by the aggressors, and a virgin named Ourdilat, daughter of Cingual, who had fled to the church when the attack begun, was seized and assaulted between the y;w tree (a general object in a churchyard, probably, and one to which especial sanctity was attached and particular veneration accorded) and the church. In that same hour the aforesaid youth became deranged in his mind, and the whole of his life was rendered useless and disgraceful In consequence of this deed the Bishop cursed Gistinus and the criminals, completely excommunicating them from Christian fellowship. Afterwards Gistinus acknowledged his wickedness towards God and his pastors, and begged for pardon with tearful devotion at the hand of the Bishop, who accorded it to him on condition of his performing a penance; and having restored the girl whom he had abducted, and with concord thus effected, Gistin granted the Villa | |
| Iestyn is the son of Gwrgant. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: Villa Miluc, ? opposite Garth Mailwg, Glam. Its boundary is: The Cecyn of the Allt at the head of the dyke towards its other end along the breast of the hill towards the right, to the Crug. From the Crug straight to Penn y Gelli, to the dyke. Along the dyke downwards as far as the road, across the road straight on to the stone. From the stone to the centre of Llyn y Gleiniou on the Ely. The Ely upwards as far as below Rhyd y Maen Melyn. From the Ely upwards to the Rhiw, along the Rhiw through the wood above the Allt, to the shoulder of the wood, along it as far as the head of the dyke, through the wood along the dyke as far as the Ely across the Ely to the dyke. Along the dyke to the road, to the dyke upward to the breast of the Allt, where the boundary began. | |
| [157 - 110v] Tref Rita | |
| 4. Caratocus (Caradog), King of Morcannuc (Morgannwg), son of Rhydderch ab Iestyn, who obtained the sovereignty of South Wales, 1069, and only held it until the following year, took his kinsmen to Lann Mocha, a site belonging to the tutelary saints and Heruualdus, Bishop of Llandaff, where they partook, without consent of the Bishop, of a banquet which the latter had prepared in honour of Riderch (Rhydderch), son of Eguid, and the intruders became intoxicated and remained all night. The Bishop was offended and demanded reparation for the insult, and the King, acknowledging his fault and desiring pardon with penitence and a fitting penance, granted, after the usual formula, to the Saints and Bishops of Llandaff for ever, the Villa | |
| Caradog, son of Rhydderch, son of Iestyn, is King of Morgannwg. | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
|
Of the laity:
|
| Boundaries: | |
| [158 - 111r] Villa Gunnhucc in Guartha Cum. | |
| 5. Caratauc, son of Riuguallaun (a witness in the previous record), having fallen in sickness of body he became mindful of the health of his soul, and becoming filled with remorse for the murder of Cinon, his brother, by one of his companions, in his presence and in a great degree on his account, for which he had already visited the Church of St. Peter the Church of Llandaff was dedicated to this apostle, and it is more probable that this church is intended than that of St. Peter's at Rome knowing that he could not be saved except by fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, dedicated to God and the three Llandaff Saints, and to the four Saints of Lannciim Mirgint, Cinficc, Huui, and Eruen to Bishop Heruualdus the Villa with assent of the Earl of Herford (Hereford) and Lord of Guent (Gwent), Roger, son of William Fitz Osbern, during the reign of William the father (the first. King of the English and of Wales). | |
The witnesses are, of the clergy:
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Of the laity:
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| Boundaries: Villa Gunnuc = ? Beilie, Ll. Gwm, Mon. Its boundary is: From Nant Broeni as far as the pant the east side to the ditch which, near the road, makes for Nant March. Along Nant March right to Nant Broeni, where the boundary began. | |
